C Feed - Programmer's Heaven

Re: GUI Qt for C++

Thu, 02 Jun 2011 10:43:02 -0700

dede posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

Hi
First of all Qt is not a compiler, it's just an IDE, it's based on the gcc, yet you can use borland C++ or MS VC++ once you have Qt onboard.

I'm not sure what do you mean by "do all the work".
In Visual Studio, of course you have to assign a path for the Qt Libs in case you are gonna code in MSVC++ editor. you can do that from the project settings.

It will teach you all you need about using Qt under Linux and/or Windows platforms.

dede

Re: What exactly is a word ?

Tue, 17 May 2011 14:03:54 -0700

HK_MP5KPDW posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

Well, a simple search can enable easily find this out.

The very first result from that is this.

Re: stop iteration inside a for loop

Mon, 16 May 2011 04:40:09 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

You can use the same break statement used in a while loop. That will cause the for() loop to be exited.

Re: how to create .h header files for .c files?

Mon, 16 May 2011 04:37:04 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

Header file contains function prototypes, structure declarations, constant definitions, like #define.

//
// MODULE1.H FILE:
//
void func1 (int x);
float func2 (float y);
int func3 (char a);

Source file contains function bodies. It is preferred that names of both files are same, but they have different extension, like MODULE1.H and MODULE1.C:

//
// MODULE1.C FILE:
//
#include "MODULE1.H"

void func1 (int x)
{
    // ... your implementation here ...
}

float func2 (float y)
{
    // ... your implementation here ...
}

int func3 (char a)
{
    // ... your implementation here ...
}

After these TWO files are done they are used in a project - or you call it a large program. Usually, the development environment which you use has the ability to insert files into project. You need to insert both files into projects and then just "#include "<small_prog>.h"" into other C files of the project where you need those functions.

If you do not have an environment (like Dev-C++ or Visual C++ or something else...) then "include <small_prog>.c" is the way to go.

There are few other ways: like to compile the C file into .OBJ file and then use LINK tool to build the full program. It is usually done by the environment, but you can also do it manually - using command line tools.

Re: Linked List issue / debugging

Sun, 15 May 2011 04:33:06 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

Looking very closely you can see that 'case 8' is missing one line (compare it with other cases) - something about the size...

Re: Help with strncpy - crypt code

Sun, 15 May 2011 00:35:29 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

hello; glad to help out if I can. there are folks here who know their stuff, but I'm more of a hobbyist. :)

try casting malloc; it's been a while since I've done any programming on a regular basis and can't recall all of the particulars. I don't use Borland, and didn't run into that problem.

if((tmp = (char *)malloc((strlen(src) * 3) + 1)) != NULL) {
   ...
}

welcome to the board.

Re: Why does it do what it does

Sat, 14 May 2011 23:37:21 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

if you're actually entering 1/5, cin >> gal will go into a fail state upon reading the / as gal is a double and / is not. you might try adding something like below to give it a quick check.

... bits of code
cin >> gal;

if(cin.fail()) {
   // take some action;
}

... bits of code

Linked List issue / debugging

Sat, 14 May 2011 10:49:39 -0700

ghostfacelz posted a new message on the C and C++ forum.

I have been struggling with this problem for about 2 days now and I just cant figure out what the problem is.
I am making a linked list that points to a char array at different addresses.
So for the 8byte linked list, it points to an address every 8 bytes.
link lists 32bytes, 64bytes etc also follow the same pattern.
Here is the code that is giving me issues:

void CMemoryPoolManager::initializeLinkedList(char MM_pool[], int chunks, int chunkSize, int offset)
  {
	MemoryBlock current;
	MemoryBlock *pCurrent = NULL;
        pCurrent = &current;
	for (int i=0; i < chunks; i++)
	{
		pCurrent = (MemoryBlock *)&MM_pool[sizeof(CMemoryPoolManager) +1 + (i * chunkSize) + offset];
		pCurrent->pNext = NULL;
		pCurrent->pPrevious = NULL;
		pCurrent->bInUse = false;

		switch (chunkSize)
		{
		case 8:
			pCurrent->pNext = p8Byte;
			if (p8Byte != NULL)
				p8Byte->pPrevious = pCurrent;
			p8Byte = pCurrent;
			break;
		case 32:
			pCurrent->siSize = 32;
			pCurrent->pNext = p32Byte;
			if (p32Byte != NULL)
				p32Byte->pPrevious = pCurrent;
			p32Byte = pCurrent;
			break;
		case 64:
			pCurrent->siSize = 64;
			pCurrent->pNext = p64Byte;
			if (p64Byte != NULL)
				p64Byte->pPrevious = pCurrent;
			p64Byte = pCurrent;
			break;

		}
	}
}

MemoryBlock is a struct in CMemoryPoolManager that holds the pointers next and previous
size is just for testing disregard that.
and the p##Byte are the linked lists inside CMemoryPoolManager
the line:

pCurrent = (MemoryBlock *)&MM_pool[sizeof(CMemoryPoolManager) +1 + (i * chunkSize) + offset];

gets the position of where to create the next "node".

Now on to the question / problem.
When creating the 8byte list,it doesnt link properly.
When it hits the "case 8:" line pCurrent->pNext changes by itself and subsequently changes the p8Byte links. So it never creates a proper list.
What really makes things weird is that the 32 and 64 byte lists are made correctly with no issues. Its the same code, it follows the same pattern, but the 8Byte list just doesnt work for whatever reason!
I have no clue as to why...ive tried a variety of things and nothing seems to help.
Can anyone suggest anything to try or see what the issue might be?
Any help at all would be GREATLY appreciated!!
Thanks!

=Ghost=>

Re: literal instructions

Fri, 13 May 2011 03:59:38 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

This is very hard to do. You need to parse (break) the formula text into elements and operators. Elements can be a function name and parameters (like pow(..) or sqrt(...)) or a constant values (like 4.8374). Operators are mathematical operations, like * (MULTIPLY), \ (DIVIDE), + (ADD), - (SUBTRACT). There is an algorithm for this kind of thing:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polish_notation

Memory Pool & char array

Tue, 10 May 2011 14:43:38 -0700

ghostfacelz posted a new message on the C and C++ forum.

Hi,
I was recently assigned a project and I'm looking for a little advice.
I have to implement a memory manager that has a char array for a memory pool.
So what I have concepted out was to segment the pool up into variable sized chunks, using the begining of the mempool to hold the location of the chunks as well as if they are being used.
I think its a fairly good solution as the conditions are that no other static or global variable may be created (the reason I went with this route was the hint that if we need to save data, we need to make it fit in the pool)

In any case on to my questions...
1)Anyone have any experience with variable pools, and would this approach theoretically work? I wouldnt want to get a day or two into it and hit a major design flaw that requires scrapping the whole project.

2)Can a character array store addresses of other portions of the same array, if so, can you offer some suggested reading on how to go about doing so (syntax-wise)?

Any advice would be greatly appreciated!!

Thanks!
-G
=Ghost=>

Re: Declaring Strings

Fri, 06 May 2011 10:31:08 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

char a[] = "hello world";

you can that because the compiler knows how much space to allocate for the string "hello world."

char a[];
a = "hello world";

C won't allow aggregate assignment; you've got an array of chars and a string, which aren't exactly the same thing. you've also got an unknown size - the compiler doesn't know much space to allocate to a.

char a[80];
strcpy(a, "hello world");

An interesting feature of C though is you can assign structs.

typedef struct {
   char a[40];
} test;

test t1 = { "hello world" }, t2 = t1;

puts(t1.a);
puts(t2.a);

HTH

Re: How to Convert Integer into a String then turn it to Floating poin

Wed, 04 May 2011 21:03:06 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

num3 = atoi(str1);

atoi will truncate your float to an integer first. if you want/need a float, use atof.

   printf("Enter first number: ");
   scanf("%d",&num1);
   printf("Enter second number: ");
   scanf("%d",&num2);

   sprintf(str1, "%d.%d", num1, num2);
   sscanf(str1, "%f", &num3);
   
   printf("%.2f", num3);

another way to more or less do the same thing

Re: the position after the last element of an array

Sun, 01 May 2011 04:38:43 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

Not the best book you got - get another one.
This pointer is invalid in most cases. The problem is that this pointer will cause undefined behaviour. This means that pointer may be valid and may be invalid depending on some factors, like compiling a program with optimizations switched on or off. Or the array was allocated on stack or on heap - or other kinds of factors. The quality code should never even allow the undefined behaviour. So, just accept it that this pointer is invalid.

I would like to add something here. Maybe book is talking about a special kind of array in C - it is called a string. A string is array of characters terminated by a character with binary code zero (character null). A lot of 1st "graders" get confused here. For example take string "HELLO" - how many elements in that array? For untrained eye - it has 5 elements. But that eye did not count that terminating null. With that null - the string array has 6 elements. So, if the book was talking about that kind of situation - pointer to the element following the LAST STRING ELEMENT - then that statement IS CORRECT if we talking about the valid characters (not null). Here is that example in visual aid:

    +---+---+---+---+---+------+--------------------------+
    | H | E | L | L | O | null | .... undefined behaviour |
    |   |   |   |   |   |      |      begins here         |
    +---+---+---+---+---+------+--------------------------+
                        |      |
 Pointer still valid -->|      |
         Pointer is invalid -->|

Re: Best Book/Resources To Learn C++?

Fri, 29 Apr 2011 04:24:50 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

I do not understand your question "in which language compilers are written?". Compilers are EXE files - they can be written in any language. There is no connection between language compiler is written with and language which compiler "understands". C++ compiler can be written using BASIC - it will be slower, but it will work.

Re: Help with Pointers to Array of Struct in C++

Mon, 25 Apr 2011 19:26:19 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

As I recall, you can use

cout << ( *(carsPtr + 1) ).carMake;
or
cout << (carsPtr + 1)->carMake;

dunno which is prefered though... it's been way too long since I coded anything on a regular basis.

Re: Help with reading a file in C, please.

Mon, 25 Apr 2011 04:16:12 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

This code will not work. 190 is approximate # of lines in file - not characters per line. And lines will not be the same length, so reading constantly by 190 characters will skip some short lines and lines will be loaded not from the beginning of each line, but from some place in file which is divisible by 190 bytes.

Moving files and directories in C++?

Sun, 24 Apr 2011 17:19:20 -0700

Sephiroth posted a new message on the C/C++ on Linux/Unix forum.

The topic says it all. I don't have time to wait for the official ext4 defrag utility so I am going to write one that I can use temporarily. Basically, I want the user to specify a partition or directory to be defragmented and have my program move the directory or partition contents to an external HDD or, if it is large enough, temporary directory/partition, then start moving things back in alphabetical order. Since Linux will not fragment files during a move, this should take fragmented files and plop them back together, as well as sorting them alphabetically.

My problem lies within moving stuff using C++. I canot figure out how to do it. All I can find on Google are people taking shortcuts and using the system call to invoke "mv". I want my program to function properly though, with no shortcuts. Can somebody help me figure out how to move a directory-tree, including files, to a specified location? How about just moving individual files?

-Sephiroth

Re: How can I cuont The number of words in a file ?

Sat, 23 Apr 2011 06:09:34 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the x86 Assembly forum.

I forgot TASM... sorry, but here is some pseudo-code:

open file
nbytes = get file size
token = 0
nwords = 0

repeat 'nbytes' times
{
	c = read one character from file
	if (c is a word character)
	{
		++token
		if (token is 1) ++nwords
	}
	else
	{
		token=0
	}
}
;
; Function to check if c is a word character
;
bool IsWordChar (c)
{
	if (c is underscore) return true;
	if (c is digit) return true;
	if (c is lowercase character) return true;
	if (c is uppercase character) return true;
	return false;
}

FASM is so much easier to use.

Re: Help with reading a file in C, please.

Sat, 23 Apr 2011 05:56:41 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

Better way would be to use fgets() to read one line of the file and then use strtok() to parse that line using comma separator.

Re: Three C lines On Borland please

Fri, 22 Apr 2011 06:55:15 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

-24 on TC31.

Re: Help w/ input validation in function arrays

Fri, 22 Apr 2011 06:47:04 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;
#include <string>

int getEmployeeData (int[], char[], int, float[]);
float calculateGrossPay(char[], float[], int, float[], string[], float*);
void displayEmployeeInfo (int[], string[], int, float[]);
bool tryAgain (char);
bool isValidStatus (char);
//bool isValidID (int);

//
// The main idea of these two following functions is to
// validate the text entered by user and then convert that
// to a proper numeric value using atoi() function to
// convert to an integer and atof() - to convert to a float.
// Basically, user enters text at first.
//
int IsValidFloat(const char text[])
{
	int nDots=0;
	char c;
	//
	// Examine each character within text
	//
	while ((c = *text++) != 0)
	{
		//
		// Count the decimal period characters
		//
		if (c == '.') ++nDots;
		//
		// Non-digit character means invalid input
		//
		else if ((c < '0') || (c > '9')) return 0;
	}
	return (nDots < 2);
}

int IsValidInteger(const char text [])
{
	string s (text); // Construct a string object out of text
	//
	// Re-use the float validator and just check if value
	// has a decimal period and if it has - then text is not valid.
	// There should be only digits to indicate an integer.
	//
	return (IsValidFloat (text) && (s.find ('.') == string::npos));
}

//
// Using these two validators we can write a common function
// to enter both types of values.
//
// prompt:		text to print before input is entered
// IResult:		address of integer value to enter
//				(pass NULL if float value needed)
// FResult:		address of float value to enter
//				(pass NULL if integer value needed)
//
// Do not pass NULL for both IResult and FResult!
// This will force the code into endless loop!
//
void AskNumericValue (char* prompt, int* IResult, float* FResult)
{
	string value;
	while (prompt) // loop until poor user enters valid value
	{
		//
		// Ask the question and get the text
		//
		cout << prompt;
		cin >> value;
		//
		// If integer wanted - verify and convert as integer
		//
		if (IResult)
		{
			if (! IsValidInteger (value.c_str ()))
			{
				cout << "\n-- Please enter integer value.\n";
				continue; // <-- go back to enter a while() block again
			}
			*IResult = atoi (value.c_str ());
			return; // Done with int value
		}
		//
		// Same for float
		//
		if (FResult)
		{
			if (! IsValidFloat (value.c_str ()))
			{
				cout << "\n-- Please enter float point value.\n";
				continue;
			}
			*FResult = (float) atof (value.c_str ());
			//
			// atof() returns double, thus it is ^^^ converted to float
			//
			return;
		}
	}
}

int main()
{
	const int numEmp = 4;
	int empId[numEmp], size;
	char payrollStat[numEmp];	
	float gross[numEmp];
	float pay[numEmp];
	float totalPay = 0;
	string nameStatus[numEmp];

	size = numEmp;

	getEmployeeData(empId, payrollStat, size, gross);
	//
	// Return value up here ^^^ is lost. The value you
	// calculated is returned by 'gross'.
	//
	calculateGrossPay(payrollStat, gross, size, pay, nameStatus, &totalPay);
	cout << fixed << showpoint << setprecision(2);	
	displayEmployeeInfo (empId, nameStatus, size, pay);

	cout << "\nTotal Payroll for this month: " << "$" << totalPay << endl;

	system("pause");
	
	return 0;
}

int getEmployeeData (int e[], char ps[], int numEmp, float amt[])
{
	bool vStat;
	bool tAgain;
	char q;
	int x;
	//
	// Arrays need to be cleared, so if user quits - proper
	// calculations are done.
	//
	for (x = 0; x < numEmp; x++)
	{
		ps[x] = 'Q';
		e[x] = 0;
		amt[x] = 0;
	}

	for (x = 0; x < numEmp; x++)
	{
		//cout << "Enter employee ID ====> ";
		//cin >> e[x];
		AskNumericValue ("Enter employee ID ====> ", &e[x], NULL);

		cout << "Enter payroll status (s/h/c)====> ";
		cin >> ps[x];
		ps[x] = toupper(ps[x]);
		//
		// This ^^^ (passing a char to cin) is not good. Try
		// To enter something like "sss" and you will see that
		// some of following inputs are 'swallowed' by cin.
		// You need to enter a string and then transfer the
		// 1st character into ps[x]. Before the transfer you
		// need to verify that string is indeed "S","H" or "C".
		//
		vStat = isValidStatus(ps[x]);
		if(vStat == false)
		{
			do
			{
				cout << "*** Invalid payroll status ***\n";
				cout << "Do you want to try again or quit?\n";
				cout << "Type Q or q to quit, any other key to continue: ";
				cin >> q;
				q = toupper(q);
				//
				// The 'other key to continue' is kind
				// of asking to press spacebar. Try it.
				// cin ignores empty space (tabs or blanks).
				//
				tAgain = tryAgain(q);

				if(tAgain == false)
				{
					cout << "   Re-enter: 's' or 'S' for salaried, 'h' or 'H' for hourly,\n";
					cout << "   'c' or 'C' for commissioned ====> ";
					cin >> ps[x];
					ps[x] = toupper(ps[x]);	
					vStat = isValidStatus(ps[x]);
				}

			}while (vStat == false && q != 'Q');
			//
			// Quit the for() loop
			//
			if (q == 'Q') break;
		}

		if(vStat == true)
		{
			char* prompt;
			if (ps[x] == 'S')
			{
				//cout << "Enter monthly salary ====> ";
				prompt = "Enter monthly salary ====> ";
			}
			else if (ps[x] == 'H')
			{
				//cout << "Enter number of hours worked this month ====> ";
				prompt = "Enter number of hours worked this month ====> ";
			}
			else if (ps[x] == 'C')
			{
				//cout << "Enter total sales for this month ====> ";
				prompt = "Enter total sales for this month ====> ";
			}
	
			//cin >> amt[x];
			AskNumericValue (prompt, NULL, &amt[x]);
			cout << "\n";
		}
	}
	//return (int) amt[x]; // Why return it if never used?
	//
	// Also, the compiler shows the loss of data up here ^^^, because
	// the return type is int and amt[x] is float, so if you return
	// 3762.94 - you get 3762 from the function, so .94 is lost. But,
	// the returned value is not used anyway - just FYI.
	//
	// P.S. Another problem here -- 'x' reached a value of 4 now, because
	// for() loop ended, so amt[x] is returning a value beyond the last
	// value in that array - the last valid index for the array is 3.
	// I will simply return 0 here - it is not used anyway.
	return 0;
}

float calculateGrossPay (char pStat[], float pay[] , int numEmp, float tot[], string nStat[], float* totalP)
{
	int y;
	*totalP = 0; // Clear total
	for (y = 0; y < numEmp; y++)
	{
		if (pStat[y] == 'Q') break; // Do not calc more if 'Q' encountered

		if (pStat[y] == 'S')
		{
			nStat[y] = "Salaried    ";
			tot[y] = pay[y];
			*totalP += tot[y];
		}
		if (pStat[y] == 'H')
		{
			nStat[y] = "Hourly      ";
			tot[y] = pay[y] * 18.75f; // <-- float constants must have 'f'
			*totalP += tot[y];
		}
		if (pStat[y] == 'C')
		{
			nStat[y] = "Commissioned";
			tot[y] = (pay[y] * 0.06f) + 1000.00f;
			*totalP += tot[y];
		}
	}
	return *totalP;
}

void displayEmployeeInfo (int id[], string payS[], int numEmp, float gPay[])
{
	cout << "Employee ID\t" << "Payroll Status\t" << "GrossPay\n";
	cout << "-----------\t" << "--------------\t" << "--------\n";
	for (int z = 0; z < numEmp; z++)
	{
		if (id[z] == 0) break; // In case of quitting
		cout << id[z] << "\t\t" << payS[z] << "\t" << "$" << gPay[z] << endl;
	}
}

bool isValidStatus (char stat)
{
	if(stat == 'S' || stat == 'H' || stat == 'C')
		return true;
	else
		return false;
}

bool tryAgain (char q)
{
	if(q == 'Q')
		return true;
	else 
		return false;
}

Re: C++ Strings, instream, delete duplicates

Wed, 20 Apr 2011 13:11:40 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

Flawed? It's not my assignment; bridge the gap between the snippit and what you need to do, which would seem to be handling files, functions, mixed case, and such. :)

If you're having trouble, post your attempt(s).

Re: C++ Strings, instream, delete duplicates

Tue, 19 Apr 2011 20:46:57 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

I won't really get into functions or files, but to remove the dups, you might try fiddling around with something like

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

int main() {

   std::string strs[] = { "Google", "Yahoo", "Lie", "Ggy" };   
   
   for(int i=0; i < 4; ++i) {
      strs[i].erase(std::unique(strs[i].begin(), strs[i].end()), strs[i].end());
      std::cout << strs[i] << std::endl;
   }
   
   return 0;
}

Best free C and C++ programming courses online

Mon, 18 Apr 2011 07:31:59 -0700

msaqib submitted a new article.

This article shows you a list of C and C++ programming courses freely available online on different university websites in the form of OpenCourseware.

Re: Division in C programming. plz help

Sun, 17 Apr 2011 05:08:50 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

1st part is correct, but you did not check the 2nd part of condition. When value is even - last bit is always zero, so a simple code will check for that:

if ((value%3 == 0) && (value&1 == 0))
{
    // value is both even and divisible by 3
}

Re: Scheduling A Function To Be Called Every N Milliseconds?

Fri, 08 Apr 2011 17:23:14 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

If you don't mind a rough timer, you might try something like

int scheduledCall(void) {

   static int count = 0;

   /* function task(s) */

   return (count++);
}

int main(void) {

   time_t t1, t2;
   long nsecs = 1; // ~ 1000 ms

   while(scheduledCall() < 500) {
      t1 = time(NULL);
      do { t2 = time(NULL); } while((t1 + nsecs) > t2);
   }

   return 0;
}

You could also keep a local counter instead of scheduledCall returning a value.

HTH

Re: "Decompliling" C++ Code? Possible To Get Into An Exe File

Wed, 06 Apr 2011 04:37:06 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

You need a good debugger for this. IDA PRO comes to mind, but it cost money. Try to get a trial version - it may work for 30 days or so. Best free debuffer for Win32 is OLLYDBG. Google for it and get version 1.1 - version 2.0 is there too, but it is too fresh.

Just load EXE into debugger and step through code. Of course, you need to know a little assembler for it.

Re: a do-while calculator

Fri, 01 Apr 2011 19:02:09 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

no worries. :)

Re: do while loop

Fri, 01 Apr 2011 19:01:18 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

if the code you've submitted is what you're using, then you're using uninitialized data in x, y, start, and stop.

while(x = stop); this isn't what you'd want; your comparison will be something like != (not equal to), == (equal to), >= (greater / equal to), or <= (less than equal to).

y looks like it should be computed within the do-while if you're incrementing x.

what is your program supposed to do?

Re: C++ Tutorials

Fri, 01 Apr 2011 18:31:46 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

Forums are pretty good sources; however, many members will tend to ignore topics if they lack effort, involve a lengthy program when there is a problem with one line or code block, and/or lack code tags.

The more detailed and specific you are, the better off you'll be within the various communites.
Good luck. :)

Re: do-while array

Fri, 01 Apr 2011 18:16:15 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

testScore should check for a "sentinel" value; for example, if you prompt your user to enter data or -1 to quit, then testScore should test against -1.

do {
   cout << "Enter a test score (-1) to quit: ";
   cin >> testScore;

   // some something with testScore if it's not -1

} while(testScore != -1);

As far as the two arrays go, it's not clear what you're trying to accomplish in terms of how they relate to testScore if at all.

You *can eliminate* system("pause") by using
while(cin.get() != '\n'){}

Re: I need some Help :/

Fri, 01 Apr 2011 18:05:21 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

The various forums are a good place to start; mill over the topics and see which language(s) interest you. The homepage has (or had) links to sample source codes as well.

When you're ready, check out http://www.thefreecountry.com/compilers for "freeware" compilers.

HTH

Re: how to create an array of struct?

Fri, 01 Apr 2011 18:00:21 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

Do you mean a dynamic 2D array?

typedef struct {
   int x;
} testing;

...

testing **array;
array = malloc(sizeof(*array) * num_of_rows);

loop(...)
   array[row] = malloc(sizeof(**array) * num_of_cols)

array[row][col].x = some_value;

...

loop(start < num_rows) 
   free(array[start]);
...

free(array);

It's been a while, but I *think* it's something like that.
HTH

Re: a do-while calculator

Tue, 29 Mar 2011 12:29:21 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

I'm not quite sure what you're wanting to do in terms of the two egg shells, but maybe this will help.

...
#include <cmath>  // or math.h
#include <cctype> // or ctype.h
...

int main(void) {
   ...
   char choice;

   do {

      cout << "Enter operator (+, -, /, *): ";
      cin >> choice; while(cin.get() != '\n'){}

      switch(tolower(choice)) {
         case '+' : // do something
                    break;
         case '-' : // do something
                    break;
         case '/' : // do something
                    break;
         case '*' : // do something
                    break;
         case 'q' : cout << "the end"; 
                    break;
         default  : cout << choice << " is not a valid operator";
      }

   } while(tolower(choice)) != 'q');
   ...
}

HTH

Re: how to read and write file faster?

Sat, 26 Mar 2011 05:06:22 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

When dealing with a single hard drive - multithreading may be slower. No matter how many CPU or cores you have - a single physical drive may cause excessive wear on the drive and slow processing.

Consider this: two threads read two files, separated physically by some amount of sectors. The hard drive heads must move to the 1st file and read the part of it, then next thread comes and heads move to 2nd file sectors, then process repeats - probably a lot of times - depends on a size of the part of the file being loaded. Since there is only one set of drive heads and it cannot be really shared at run-time (like CPU cores) - some thread always will wait until other thread is moving these heads.

Re: strings and arrays task

Fri, 25 Mar 2011 23:07:11 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the Beginner C/C++ forum.

declare a char array
char arr[420];

input a string
fgets(arr, sizeof arr, stdin);

if it's empty
if(arr[0] == 0)

if it's greater than 20
if(strlen(arr) > 20)

non-digits/spaces may take some work

char flag = 0,
     s[] = "123 some text 456";
int i;

for(i=0; s[i] != '\0'; ++i) {
   if(!isdigit(s[i]) && !isspace(s[i])) {
      flag = 1; break;
   }
}

if(flag == 1) ... bad string

if you're limiting strings to 20 chars, the 420 max length seems like overkill. :P

Re: need help!!!

Thu, 24 Mar 2011 04:51:15 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

You need to use arrays here. Once you read the # of trees - you need TWO arrays: one for X coordinates and one for Y coordinates. The arrays can be allocated with malloc(), like so:

double* XTree = malloc (sizeof (double) * num_trees);
double* YTree = malloc (sizeof (double) * num_trees);

Then you need to read all tree coordinates in a loop:

for (i=0; i<num_tree; i++)
{
  fscanf(fp, "%f %f", &x, &y);
  XTree [i] = x;
  YTree [i] = y;
}

Once you did that - close the file and start your calculations. The distance between two points is calculated by following formula:

double dx = x1 - x2;
double dy = y1 - y2;
double dist = sqrt(dx*dx + dy*dy);

Then sort trees by ascending distance and pick closest tree (first one, then next ...). You also need to check the dog distance to that tree and verify that cat gets there first. If first tree fails to save the cat - try next tree until tree arrays are over. Double speed of dog means that to save cat the distance of cat to the tree must be LESS then double dog distance to the tree. Once you find that tree - cat saves himself!

Re: turbo c calculations not right

Tue, 22 Mar 2011 12:13:31 -0700

HK_MP5KPDW posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

Please use code tags when posting your code samples. Here is your program reposted with code tags provided (and formatted).

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>

float workhrs, overtime, salary, tax, tsalary;
long int rate;
char name[80],choose;



try()
{
    clrscr();
    textcolor (3);
    cprintf("\n How many hours have you been working? ");
    scanf("%f",&workhrs);


    if(workhrs>=100 && workhrs<=25)
    {
        printf("\nWORK HOUR is not VALID!");
        getch();
        try();
    }
    else
    {
        textcolor (3);
        printf("\n Enter your hourly rate: ");
        scanf("%d",&rate);
        textcolor (3);
        cprintf("\n\n\n Press any key to compute salary...");
        getch();
        if(workhrs>40)
        {
            if(workhrs>=40 && workhrs<=50)
            {
                overtime=workhrs-40;
                salary=(40*rate)+(overtime*40);
            }
            else
            {
                overtime=workhrs-40;
                salary=(rate*40)+(overtime*40)+200;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            salary=workhrs*rate;
        }

        clrscr();

        if(salary>8000)
        {
            tax=salary*.15;
            tsalary=salary-tax;

            textcolor (15);
            cprintf("\n Hello %s! Your salary for this month is P%.2f", name, salary);
            getch();
            clrscr();
            gotoxy(1,15);
            textcolor (15);
            cprintf("\n There is a 15 percent tax deduction which is P%.2f",tax);
            getch();
            clrscr();
            gotoxy(1,15);
            printf("\n Your total salary with 15 percent tax deduction is P%.2f",tsalary);
            getch();
            clrscr();
        }
        else
        {
            printf("\n Hello %s %s! Your salary for this month is P%.2f", name, salary);
            getch();
        }

    }
}


main()
{
    clrscr();
    textcolor (3);
    printf("\n Enter name: ");
    gets(name);
    try();
    clrscr();
    gotoxy(30,45);


    printf("\nWould you like to try again? Y/N\n\n");
    scanf("%s",&choose);
    if (choose=='y')
        main();
    else
    {
        gotoxy(33,11);
        textcolor (15);
        cprintf("HAVE A NICE DAY!");
        getch();
    }

}

Some comments:

1) You are using recursion in a manner I believe to be inappropriate. You should be using loops instead of recursion when a user enters an invalid amount of work hours or when the user wishes to repeat the program. In particular, you should never recursively call main.

2) Don't use gets. It is dangerous as it does not prevent the user from entering more characters than is possible for the array to hold. You should instead prefer fgets which allows you to specify the maximum number of characters your buffer can hold.

3) Avoid compiler/OS specific functions wherever possible.

4) Upgrade yourself to a better/newer compiler. Turbo C was around back when most of mankind still lived in caves. There are a number of free ones out there that have been created this millennium.

5)

if(workhrs>40)
{
    if(workhrs>=40 && workhrs<=50)
    {
        overtime=workhrs-40;
        salary=(40*rate)+(overtime*40);
    }
    else
    {
        overtime=workhrs-40;
        salary=(rate*40)+(overtime*40)+200;
    }
}

Shouldn't overtime be calculated as overtime*rate*1.5 (for time-and-a-half).

6)

else
{
    printf("\n Hello %s %s! Your salary for this month is P%.2f", name, salary);
    getch();
}

Pay attention to how many format specifiers you are using and how many additional arguments you are passing to printf.

Re: turbo c calculations not right

Tue, 22 Mar 2011 04:00:05 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

Turbo C has a very easy to use debugger - I am sure if you use it - you will see what is wrong. Set a breakpoint AFTER any input, like that:

scanf ("%f", &value);
<next line>           <-- set bkpt on this line and chk 'value'

When program stops in debugger on the next line inspect the variable 'value' and verify that whatever you entered is realy there. Do the same AFTER calculations - verify that all calculations are sound. TC debugger has WATCH window and INSPECT window - see the menu bar items - you will find how to open them. WATCH allows to see how variable changes on every line of the program - you basically watch the variable and continue step line-by-line. INSPECT - once open - must be closed to continue stepping. To put a variable into one of these windows - set a cursor on the variable and use menu item to open appropriate panel.

Help needed.

Mon, 21 Mar 2011 04:14:52 -0700

soumenbiswas posted a new message on the C and C++ forum.

Dear All,
I am encountering one proble while compiling my existing project of VC++/MFC developped using Visual Studio 6.0 on Visual Studio 8.0 as mentioned below:
1>e:\sb\ logview.cpp(17) : error C2440: 'static_cast' : cannot convert from 'UINT (__thiscall CLogView::* )(UINT,LONG)' to 'LRESULT (__thiscall CWnd::* )(WPARAM,LPARAM)'
1> None of the functions with this name in scope match the target type
I am also attaching the code (.cpp & .h) for your reference. Can you please show me where I have gone wrong and how to resolve that with code.
Thanking You and best regards.
Soumen.

Re: c

Sat, 19 Mar 2011 13:17:49 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

are r0-r3 significant or just some marker? I mean, do you need to process and store them too? If not,

char buf[80];
int data[4] = { 0 };
FILE *fp = fopen("input.txt", "r");

if(fp) {
   while(fgets(buf, sizeof buf, fp) != NULL) {
      if((sscanf(buf, "%d %d %d %d", 
          &data[0], &data[1], &data[2], &data[3])) == 4) {
         // data[0-4] contain current line in file
      } else {
         // ints weren't converted and stored
         // r0-r3 will take this path
      }
   }
   fclose(fp);
}

"data" need not be an array; it can be four separate variables. if later you want the floats, change the sscanf to %f instead of %d and change the ints to floats.

oops; didn't catch values were for later use right away. If you need to keep and store each line in the file for later use, you can do a couple of things:

calculate and store results for each line inside of the while loop... you'd need an array or if know there's only two lines of ints, just use two variables and count the lines in the file.

another thing you could do is use a 2D array for ints.

int data[NUM_OF_LINES_TO_STORE][4] = { { 0 } },
    idx = 0;
while(fgets(...)) {
   if((sscanf(buf, "%d %d %d %d", 
       &data[idx][0], &data[idx][1], etc)) == 4) { 
       // increment idx on successful storing
   }
}

something like that.

HTH

Re: c

Sat, 19 Mar 2011 11:04:06 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

How is the input file layout? For example, is each number on a seperate line or are all four numbers on one line?

you can use either fscanf directly or fgets and conversion functions to store your floats.

do you mean convert the float to a string? if so, use sprintf
sprintf(char_array, "%f", float_variable);

Re: '==' : 'char *' differs in levels of indirection from 'int'

Sat, 19 Mar 2011 10:55:14 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

Where is choice defined? if you declared it inside of the do-while loop, then its scope is valid within the body of loop code block and not main.

do {
   char choice;
   ...
} while(choice == 'Y'); <-- 'choice' will be undefined here.

To fix that, just move its declaration above the do-while. If it's somewhere else, check your function parameter lists for matching names.

HTH

Re: CreateFileMapping

Fri, 18 Mar 2011 16:22:22 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

You are using MEM_COMMIT alone - try to use MEM_COMMIT|MEM_RESERVE for a call to VirtualAlloc.

Re: '==' : 'char *' differs in levels of indirection from 'int'

Thu, 17 Mar 2011 13:53:07 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

The incompatible types error is within the outputCost function; you just forgot to dereference choice.

cin >> choice; should be
cin >> *choice;

while(choice == 'Y' || choice == 'y'); should be
while(*choice == 'Y' || *choice == 'y');

If you intend to enter values again, the do-while loop isn't going to work in the way you're wanting it to. If your user chooses yes to calculate another cost, the loop will continuely compute the existing values for each variable in the parameter list.

What you might do is remove the do-while from outputCost and put it in main, initialize your variables, and then call your functions. For example,

int main(void) {
   ... // declare your variables and any other bits of code

   do {

      cost = 0; yourTime = 0; yourDuration = 0;  // init values to 0
      first = 'n'; second = 'n';                 // init to value other than Y

      getDay(&first, &second);
      getTime(&yourTime);
      getDuration(&yourDuration);
      outputCost(&cost, &yourTime, &yourDuration, &first, &second, &choice);

   } while(choice == 'Y' || choice == 'y');

   ... // any other bits of code

   return 0;
}

Other things:

in getDay, don't leave the function unless first and second are valid. The way it is now, a user could enter ZX, for example, and the program would try and calculate a cost.

in getTime, don't leave the function unless time is 0-23 (assuming its hourly only).

in getDuration, make sure the value is >= 0.

That way, you ensure that your data is valid before trying to calculate a result. Not sure about the calculation formulas; if you're getting the expected output for the input, then ok, otherwise, it may be worth your while to take another look.

HTH

Re: really need help

Thu, 17 Mar 2011 00:07:07 -0700

pseudocoder posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

Since you've declared your const doubles as global, you don't need them in your function prototype and definition parameter lists, or in the actual call.

The error is your prototype and definitions don't match. In the prototype, you've got

(int,int,int,const double,const double, const double,char, char, char)

but in the definition, you've got

(char choice,int yourTime,int yourDuration, int cost, const double mid_day, const double night, const double weekend, char first, char second)

move "char choice" to the end to match the caller.

HTH

Re: CreateFileMapping

Wed, 16 Mar 2011 05:29:24 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

We can go a little further -- for example: why to re-write the huge file? I can see how this might be a MUST DO situation, when you need to remove some sensitive data from the file before maybe sending it to someone else. Then you do need to re-write it.

However, if you trying to delete some information from the file just for yourself and output file really do not need to be sent. Then you might just mark data in the file as removed WITHOUT actually removing it. It does not work well with text files, but very fast with binary files, where each record in a file has same size.

So, you see -- not always a direct approach is best - you can find other options to make it more effective. Re-writing 55Gb file will take some visible time.

Re: CreateFileMapping

Tue, 15 Mar 2011 14:02:41 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

If you look closely at your previous post(s) - you will see that you mentioned value of 48984297472 for a disk size and it is NOT 487 Gb - it is only ~48 Gb.

So, basically, you have a 55Gb INPUT file and you need to process it - to read it, I assume - and create a 55Gb or less OUTPUT file. Answer is very simple - create a buffer of, say 8Mb (larger size will not make it faster - because of HD limits) - using VirtualAlloc() and read the input data into it by simple ReadFile() function with a handle opened in NO_BUFFERING mode - it will speed up the reading. Then simply process file by pieces of 8Mb and again write it into output buffer of another 8Mb (16Mb of memory you need in total here - nothing for Win32 basically...). When output buffer is full - dump it to disk using same NO_BUFFERING method. Very simple and fast code. You only need enough room on disk.

Re: CreateFileMapping

Tue, 15 Mar 2011 05:45:56 -0700

AsmGuru62 posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

I do not understand your problem. You need a 55Gb file, but system tells you that there is no disk room for that and you REALLY has no disk room - only 48Gb. The error code is proper, I think.

Other question I would have asked is that if you need that much memory - then something is wrong with your algorithm. It is ALWAYS the case! When someone tries to create thousands of HWNDs or threads or other excessive thing - then I must ask why? Because, usually, the application does not need that much - there are other ways - ALWAYS!

Re: Online tests

Mon, 14 Mar 2011 23:24:57 -0700

bilderbikkel posted a reply on the C and C++ forum.

You can participate in online tests after registering at oDesk.com . You can also find jobs for doing at home there!