Pascal Feed - Programmer's Heaven

FAT12/FAT16 support.

Tue, 03 Nov 2009 14:52:33 -0700

lordestabia posted a new message on the Pascal forum.

I need to implement FAT12/FAT16 support in a project. Where an I get the specifications for it? Or is there any existing source code I can use for reference.

Thank you in advance.

Re: im getting an error when using program.. compiles fine!

Wed, 23 Sep 2009 07:05:21 -0700

anthrax11 posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

With such equations you need to make some checks first. Check that a isn't 0, because you can't divide by 0. Also check that b*b-4ac isn't negative, because you can't root a negative number. If the conditions aren't met, then there are no solutions and the program should handle that.

Usually the best thing to do in these situations is to debug the program.

And the quadratic formula should be:
x:=(-b+sqrt((b*b)-(4*a*c)))/2*a;
instead of:
x:=-b+sqrt(((b*b)-(4*a*c))/2*a);

Re: Exit the program

Mon, 21 Sep 2009 20:57:09 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

EXIT will leave a procedure/function, HALT will leave the program.

Re: Solved?

Sat, 05 Sep 2009 14:29:45 -0700

Laaca posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

SOLVED!
Try this source:

uses Graph,Crt;

type TBod = object
x,y:real;
end;

Tkruh = object(TBod)
r:real;
end;

const delta=0.0000001;
max_bod = 6;

{ specbody:array[0..max_bod] of TBod = ((x:408;y:313),
(x:406;y:215),
(x:311;y:151),
(x:225;y:309),
(x:330;y:245));}

var barva:byte;
body:array[0..max_bod] of TBod;

Function IsEqual(a,b:real):boolean;
begin
IsEqual:=(a<b+delta) and (a>b-delta);
end;

Function IsLessOrEqual(a,b:real):boolean;
begin
IsLessOrEqual:=(a<b) or IsEqual(a,b);
end;

Function Vzdalenost(a1,a2:Tbod):real;
{Vrati vzdalenost mezi dvema body}
var n1,n2:real;
begin
n1:=sqr(a1.x-a2.x);
n2:=sqr(a1.y-a2.y);
Vzdalenost:=sqrt(n1+n2);
end;

procedure Kruznice3(a1,a2,a3:Tbod;var t:Tkruh);
{Sestroji kruznici ze 3 bodu. Pokus jsou v primce (netvori trojuhelnik), tak}
{ji sestroji ze dvou krajnich bodu usecky}
var a,b,c,d,e,f,g:real;
begin
a:=a2.x - a1.x;
b:=a2.y - a1.y;
c:=a3.x - a1.x;
d:=a3.y - a1.y;
e:=A * (a1.x + a2.x) + B * (a1.y + a2.y);
f:=C * (a1.x + a3.x) + D * (a1.y + a3.y);
g:=2.0 * (A * (a3.y - a2.y) - B * (a3.x - a2.x));
if IsEqual(g,0) then {lepsi nez if G=0}
begin
a:=Vzdalenost(a1,a2);
b:=Vzdalenost(a1,a3);
c:=Vzdalenost(a2,a3); {udelame, aby A bylo nejvetsi}
if (a>b) then
if (a>c) then begin d:=a;end else
begin d:=c;a1:=a2;a2:=a3;end else
{b>=a}
if (b>c) then begin d:=b;a2:=a3;end else
begin d:=c;a1:=a2;a2:=a3;end;

t.x:=(a1.x+a2.x) / 2;
t.y:=(a1.y+a2.y) / 2;
t.r:=d / 2;
Exit;
end;
t.x := (D * E - B * F) / G;
t.y := (A * F - C * E) / G;
t.r := Vzdalenost(a1,t);
end;

Function MaxDistance(var a,b:longint):real;
{vrati maximalni vzdalenost mezi body v poli}
var i,j:longint;
k,max:real;
begin
max:=0;
for i:=0 to max_bod-1 do
for j:=i+1 to max_bod do
begin
k:=Vzdalenost(body[i],body[j]); {zmerim vzdalenost vsech bodu}
if k>max then
begin
max:=k;
a:=i;
b:=j;
end;
end;
MaxDistance:=max;
end;

Function MaxDistanceToPoint(p:Tbod):real;
{maximalni vzdalenost bodu v poli vhledem k P}
var v,w:real;
i:longint;
begin
w:=0;
for i:=0 to max_bod do
begin
v:=Vzdalenost(p,body[i]);
if v>w then w:=v;
end;
MaxDistanceToPoint:=w;
end;

Procedure ZjistiObklopujiciKruznici(var z:Tkruh);
{sestroji nejmensi obklopujici kruznici}
var s:tbod;
a,b,c:longint;
v,w:real;
h:TKruh;

begin
v:=MaxDistance(a,b); {zjisti nejdelsi vzdalenost mezi body a take}
{o ktere body jde}
s.x:=(body[a].x+body.x) / 2;
s.y:=(body[a].y+body.y) / 2; {na teto usecce udela stred S}

w:=MaxDistanceToPoint(s);
{a zjisti, jestli je nejaky bod dal od S nez krajni body usecky}

if IsLessOrEqual(w,v/2) then
{kdyz ne, tak vime, ze je kruznice tvorena dvema body}
begin
barva:=5;
z.x:=s.x;
z.y:=s.y;
z.r:=v/2;
end
else begin
{existuje bod, ktery je dal od S nez krajni body usecky.
{V tom pripade bude kruznice definovana tremi body, pricemz ale mezi nimi
nemusi nutne byt body A a B. Je tedy treba proscanovat vsechny myslitelne
trojuhelniky, ktere je mozno z definovanych bodu sestavit a hledat jim
opsane kruznice}
z.r:=0;
for a:=0 to max_bod-2 do
for b:=a+1 to max_bod-1 do
for c:=b+1 to max_bod do
begin
{tento trojnasobny cyklus proscanuje vsechny myslitelne trojuhelniky}
Kruznice3(body[a],body,body[c],h);
s.x:=h.x;
s.y:=h.y;

w:=MaxDistanceToPoint(s);
if IsLessOrEqual(w,h.r) then
if (z.r=0) or (h.r<z.r) then z:=h;
end;
end;
end;

Procedure NakresliScenu(z:TKruh);
var a:byte;
begin
SetColor(4);
Circle(round(z.x),round(z.y),round(z.r));
for a:=0 to max_bod do
PutPixel(round(body[a].x),round(body[a].y),14);
end;

{-----------------------------------------------------------------}

var gd,gm:integer;
z:Tkruh;
a:longint;
r1,r2:real;
c:char;

begin
randomize;
gd:=vga;gm:=vgahi;InitGraph(gd,gm,'');
OutText('Pro ukonceni zmackni ESC, pro dalsi sestavu jakoukoliv jinou klavesu');
SetFillStyle(0,0);

repeat
Bar(0,20,639,479);
for a:=0 to max_bod do
begin
r1:=random(200);
r2:=random(200);
body[a].x:=r1-100+320;
body[a].y:=r2-100+240;
end;

ZjistiObklopujiciKruznici(z);
NakresliScenu(z);

repeat until keypressed;
c:=readkey;
while keypressed do readkey;

until c=#27;
CloseGraph;
end.

Re: would error occurs?

Sun, 23 Aug 2009 15:42:02 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

The code should run, but after a while it will run out of memory.

Basically, here's what is happening. When you call a procedure, Pascal stores information so that you still have the information when you leave the procedure.

In this case, when BOOK calls MENU, the computer stores info.
When MENU calls STORE, it stores more info.
When STORE calls MENU, it stores more info.

Now if you keep calling these two procedures back and forth, it keeps storing info until you run out of memory.

If you look at procedures like a list, after pushing '1' 5 times, it would be:

BOOK -> MENU -> STORE -> MENU -> STORE -> MENU -> STORE

This could just keep growing.
When a procedure ends, it goes back to the point in the code that it was called.

So if we change STORE to this:

procedure store;
var store_choice : integer;
begin
     repeat
           readln(store_choice);
     until (store_choice = 1);
end;

Then after pushing '1' 5 times, the list would look like:

BOOK -> MENU -> STORE

If you are still confused, look at this:

01: procedure menu;
02: var choice : integer;
03: begin
04:       readln(choice);
05:       If choice = 1 then
06:          store
07: end;
08:
09: procedure store;
10: var store_choice : integer;
11: begin
12:     repeat
13:           readln(store_choice);
14:     until (store_choice = 1);
15: end;
16:
17: program book;
18: begin
19:      menu
20: end.

Using the line #s above, if we run your program this is how it would execute:
18,19,
03,04
PUSH '1'
05,06
11,12,13
PUSH '2'
14,12,13
PUSH '1'
14,15
7
20

If you follow the above line numbers you will see how it works. If you want to allow more than one visit to the STORE, you can put a loop in the MENU procedure as well.

Hope this clears things up a bit.

EDIT: Of course, looking at this again, I doubt that your error has to do with Out of Memory as each section of information that is stored is only around 10-20 bytes, so even if you only have 1MB of memory in your computer, it would still take you about 500,000 presses of '1' to run out of memory.
If this is the case, you need to start pressing a different key ;)

Re: Turbo Pascal Printing on USB

Mon, 17 Aug 2009 19:29:57 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

I don't tink so. Iou would probably have a better chance finding a program that emulates the USB printer port on the LPT1 port.

Re: Random Lotto

Mon, 17 Aug 2009 19:27:51 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

This would be the same idea as the post I just replied to:
http://www.programmersheaven.com/mb/pasprog/394632/394663/re-help-with-random-please/?S=B20000#394663

Just have a section that lets ou manually enter the numbers and then use this to mix them up.

Re: Pascal language users

Sun, 16 Aug 2009 00:28:31 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

:
: Pascal can't make programs with normal window
:

Neither can C or C++, you have to use Visual C or Visual C++.

Delphi is Visual Pascal. Apparently Borland could not call it Visual Pascal due to trademark restrictions.

Re: Help with random please

Tue, 04 Aug 2009 10:14:26 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

VAR
   numArray : Array[1..20] Of Byte;
   i,
   y1,
   y2,
   temp  : Byte;

Begin
     { Fill an array in order }
     For i := 1 to 20 do
         numArray[i] := x;

     { I chose 50 passes of mixing, but you can do more or less }
     For i := 1 to 50 do
     Begin
          { Set both array pointers to a random location in the array }
          y1 := Random(20) + 1;
          y2 := Random(20) + 1;
          { Swap the two positions }
          temp := numArray[y1];
          numArray[y1] := numArray[y2];
          numArray[y2] := temp;
     End;
End.

You will now have an array of 1..20 in random order and each number only exists once. You can then use this to access your questions.

MyBlock.Add( TBlock.create( 265,320, fRoundImageIndex[numArray[1]], DXSpriteEngine.Engine, dxImageList));
MyBlock.Add( TBlock.create(   7, 10, fRoundImageIndex[numArray[2]], DXSpriteEngine.Engine,dxImageList));
MyBlock.Add( TBlock.create( 135, 30, fRoundImageIndex[numArray[3]], DXSpriteEngine.Engine,dxImageList));

Also, I would recommend storing all this into a record or class as well, then you can do as many blocks as ou want without writing more lines. Also, you could then have the block positions loaded from a file or whatever later if you wished.

TYPE
   blockInfo = record
     x,
     y        : Word;
     quesNum  : Byte;
   End;

CONST
   { The total number of desired blocks }
   totalBlocks = 20;

   { All the 'x' positions of the blocks }
   startX : Array[1..20] Of Word =
       (265, 265, 265,   7, 135, 135,   7, 395, 395, 525, 
        525,  32,  32, 160, 160, 420, 420, 550, 550, 265)

   { All the 'y' positions of the blocks }
   startY : Array[1..20] Of Word =
       ( 80, 200, 320,  10,  30, 400, 430,  30, 400, 430, 
         10, 290, 150, 153, 276, 276, 153, 290, 150, 432)

VAR
   blocks : Array[1..totalBlocks] Of blockInfo;
   i,
   y1,
   y2,
   temp  : Byte;

Begin
     { Fill our blocks info in }
     For i := 1 to totalBlocks do
     Begin
         blocks[i].quesNum := i;
         blocks[i].x := startX[i];
         blocks[i].y := startY[i];
     End;

     { I chose 50 passes of mixing, but you can do more or less }
     For i := 1 to 50 do
     Begin
          { Set both array pointers to a random location in the array }
          y1 := Random(totalBlocks) + 1;
          y2 := Random(totalBlocks) + 1;
          { Swap the two positions }
          temp := blocks[y1].quesNum;
          blocks[y1].quesNum := blocks[y2].quesNum;
          blocks[y2].quesNum := temp;
     End;

     {...}

     For i := 1 to 20 do
       MyBlock.Add(TBlock.create( blocks[i].x, blocks[i].y,
                                  fRoundImageIndex[blocks[i].quesNum],
                                  DXSpriteEngine.Engine,dxImageList));
End.

This is just to show you, but the first two sections should really be in a seperate procedure, such as StartUp(); or such.

Anyways, hope this gets you what you need!

Re: Graphics and Images in 32bit platforms problem

Thu, 23 Jul 2009 01:07:32 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

Through DOS? Resolutions that high have terrible refresh rates. I used to play with high res graphics alot in Pascal and never figures out how to adjust refresh rates, but if you are determined, then you will want to use VESA modes.

For 800x600x32bit, you need to set mode 012Eh or $12E or 0x12E, however you prefer to write hex.

Anyways, to set the VESA mode:

ASM
   Mov Ax, $4F02
   Mov Bx, $12E
   Int $10
END;

Check here for more info:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VESA_BIOS_Extensions

Re: In search for a function !

Sun, 19 Jul 2009 17:49:39 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

Are you using Windows or Dos?

If DOS, you can access the screen directly:

FUNCTION GetChar(X, Y : Word) : Char;
CONST
    TextScreen = $B800;
Begin
     GetChar := Chr(Mem[TextScreen: Y*160 + X*2]);
     { GetChar := Chr(Mem[TextScreen: Y*160 + X*2+1]); }
End;

It's been a while, but I think it's the first line and the second is for the color of the character on the screen. If You keep getting the same value, try the second line instead.

*EXTRA INFO* Each character on the screen is defined as two bytes. One is the actual character, then second is the color. The top four bits is the background color, the lower four bits it the forecolor, so $1F would be bgColor(1) and forColor(15), so White text on a Blue background.

2d mattrix / framebuffer

Sun, 12 Jul 2009 11:46:11 -0700

Malekovits posted a new message on the Pascal forum.

Hi all!

I am currently making my own 3d graphics engine (still only 2d) and for that i use borland pascal, compile in protected mode and use dosbox to run. (the only method in pascal that u can use delay function (only in protected mode) and the graph unit). I know, very stupid to program in pascal, but I am just for start developing the logic behind:

I want to know what to use that can enable to me a 2d matrix to " turn on/off " pixels (and for that task to use the gpu, i mean only to turn the pixels on/off)

I use the graph unit but it's horribly slow. What about gdi? Can I use directdraw (not directx)?

Re: Needing help with nested conditions

Sat, 11 Jul 2009 00:00:34 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

else cannot be preceded by a semicolon, but there's more wrong with your code than that. Unless grouped together by begin/end, an if acts on only a single statement. I have not studied your code in detail but I think this is what you want.

program mayorymenor;

var
   num1  : integer;
   num2  : integer;
   num3  : integer;
   mayor : integer;
   menor : integer;

begin
   write ('introduzca el primer número');
   readln (num1);
   write ('introduzca el segundo número');
   readln (num2);
   write ('introduzca el tercer número');
   readln (num3);

   mayor := num1;
   if num2 > mayor then
      mayor := num2;
   if num3 > mayor then
      mayor := num3;
   write ('el mayor es: ', mayor) ;

   menor := num1;
   if num2 < menor then
      menor := num2;
   if num3 < menor then
      menor := num3;
   write ('el menor es: ', menor)
end.

Re: Appending to a Text file.

Fri, 26 Jun 2009 18:50:11 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

This is from TP7 help, but may have been implemented before:

  Append (procedure)
  ▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀▀
 Opens an existing file for appending.

  Declaration:
  procedure Append(var f: Text);
 where:
  f is a text-file variable.

LOL Just realized this is for Textfiles only. Could use it as a text file & just do Read() instead of readln().

Also, just found this:

  var
   F: file;
  begin
   {$I-}
   Assign(F, FileName);
   FileMode := 2;  ( Set file access to read/write }
   Reset(F);
   Close(F);
   {$I+}
   FileExists := (IOResult = 0) and (FileName <> '');
  end;  { FileExists }

Change FileMode to Read/Write access. This should work.

Otherwise something like this will work:
reset(file), rewrite(newfile), read data, write data, write new data, close(file), close(newfile), erase(file), rename (newfile, file).

Re: Appending to a Text file.

Fri, 26 Jun 2009 14:26:10 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

Early Pascal did not have seek or blockwrite so the solution suggested by Atex will not work either. Probably the only solution is to copy the entire file to a scratch file, then write the new data to the scratch file. If you are lucky your implementation will let you remove your original file and rename the scratch file, but most early Pascals did not have these capabilities. Lacking these capabilities your only option will be the copy the scratch file back to your original, leaving the scratch file on the system.

I think of "early Pascal", i.e., implementations based on the Jensen and Wirth descriptions, as an entirely different language than those based on the 1983 standard, e.g., Turbo Pascal, Free Pascal and Delphi. Detractors of the language inevitably point out the Jensen/Wirth deficiencies, arguments have no validity when applied to modern implementations.

Re: Appending to a Text file.

Thu, 25 Jun 2009 20:20:08 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

:
: Unfortunately the problem seems to be with the open. I seemingly
: only have rewrite (which erases the file before starting) and reset
: (which puts me into a read only mode on the file). All regardless,
: to whether I am just writing text or record blocks. Seems to be
: quite a shortcoming in the early Pascal.
:
: Or am I missing something.
:
You're not missing anything. These "shortcomings" of "early Pascal" was the driving force behind the 1983 standard and Turbo Pascal. Is there something keep you from upgrading to a more modern implementation?

Re: counting days/months/years

Wed, 24 Jun 2009 21:14:29 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

Here's a program that I posted last year. It takes a person's birthday and today's date as input, then computes the person's age in days. That's the opposite of what you are trying to do, however, you may find some of the functions and procedures useful. Sorry I can't do more right now but it's late and I need to get to bed.

Program Days ;

      Function Julian (Year: Word ; Month, Day : Byte) : LongInt ;

            Function IsLeap (Year : LongInt) : Boolean ;
            {
               a year is a leap year IF it's divisible by 4
               UNLESS it's also divisible by 100, then it's
               a leap year ONLY if it divisible by 400
            }
            begin
                 if Year DIV 4 = 0 then begin
                     if Year DIV 100 = 0 then begin
                         if Year DIV 400 = 0 then
                             IsLeap := TRUE
                         else
                             IsLeap := FALSE
                     end
                     else
                         IsLeap := TRUE
               end
               else
                   IsLeap := FALSE
            end ;

            Function DaysPriorToThisYear (Year : LongInt) : LongInt ;
              
            Var
                  i, Count : LongInt ;

            begin
                  Count := 0 ;

                  for i := 1 to Year - 1 do
                     if IsLeap(i) then
                        Count := Count + 366
                     else
                        Count := Count + 365 ;

                  DaysPriorToThisYear := Count
            end ;

            Function DaysPriorToThisMonth (Year, Month : LongInt) : LongInt ;
               
            CONST
               MonthDays : Array [FALSE .. TRUE, 1 .. 12] of LongInt
                         = ((31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31),
                            (31,29,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31)) ;

            Var
               i, Count : LongInt ;

            begin
               Count := 0 ;

               for i := 1 to Month - 1 do
                  if IsLeap(Year) then
                     Count := Count + MonthDays[TRUE, i]
                  else
                     Count := Count + MonthDays[FALSE, i]  ;

               DaysPriorToThisMonth := Count
            end ;
             
      begin
         Julian := DaysPriorToThisYear(Year) 
                 + DaysPriorToThisMonth(Year,Month) 
                 + Day
      end ;

Var
   Year0, Year1, Month0, Month1, Day0, Day1, BirthDay, Today : LongInt ;

begin
   Write ('Enter year of birth:   ') ;  ReadLn (Year0) ;
   Write ('Enter month of birth:  ') ;  ReadLn (Month0) ;
   Write ('Enter day of birth:    ') ;  ReadLn (Day0) ;
   WriteLn ;

   Write ('Enter today''s year:    ') ;  ReadLn (Year1) ;
   Write ('Enter today''s month:   ') ;  ReadLn (Month1) ;
   Write ('Enter today''s day:     ') ;  ReadLn (Day1) ;

   BirthDay := Julian (Year0, Month0, Day0) ;
   Today    := Julian (Year1, Month1, Day1) ; 

   WriteLn (Today   :10) ;
   WriteLn (Birthday:10) ;
    
   WriteLn ('The person is ', Today - BirthDay, ' days old.')
end.

Re: need help with guessing game

Tue, 23 Jun 2009 19:56:27 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

I would suggest using a boolean type instead of char & integer. Boolean types allow only True & false.

Also, I would suggest you use a function instead of a procedure for your checkifexists and let the program calling it write the response.
Also, most of the time there is no need to write things multiple times. If you are, chances are you can comine them into one section somehow.

Example with some code removed:

: 
uses wincrt;
var
  x : Integer;
  guess_array: array [1..100] of boolean;

function checkifexists(guess : integer) : boolean;
begin
     if guess_array[guess] = true then  
        checkifexists := true
     else
        checkifexists := false;
end;   


procedure main_game;
begin 

     {... Reinsert your loop and stuff here ...}

     writeln('guess a number between 1 and 100');
     readln (guess);
     writeln;

     if (guess <= 0) then
        WriteLn('You have guessed a number smaller than 1!')

     else if (guess >= 100) then
        WriteLn('You have guessed a number larger than 99!')

     else if (checkifexists = true) then
        WriteLn('You have already guessed that number!')

     else { number is between 1 and 99 and hasn't been guessed yet }
     Begin
        guess_array[guess] := true;
        inc(guess_total);

        if guess > secret_number then
           writeln('you have guessed too high');

        if guess < secret_number then
           writeln('you guessed too low');

        if guess = secret_number then
        begin
             writeln ('grats you guessed to correct number', secret_number);
             writeln('your total number of guesses was ',guess_total);        
        end;
     End;

     {... any other needed code ...}

end;

begin
     repeat
           clrscr;
           { Clear all guesses }
           For x := 1 to 100 do
               guess_array[x] := false;
           main_game;
           writeln('Do you want to play again?');
           readln (answer);           
     until Not(answer In['y','Y']);
     donewincrt;                 
end.

I would've kept your loop code, but I wasn't expecting to write this much when I started. Hope this helps give you an idea of how you can make your code shorter and cleaner.

Re: Program Record

Sat, 20 Jun 2009 19:10:37 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

I get no errors. This works as far as getting the password.

program User_Registration;

uses
  Crt;

Type
   Userrecord = Record
      Password    : string;
      Username    : string;
      Password_ID : integer;
      Username_ID : integer;
   end;

Var
   Index    : integer;
   Temp     : string;
   I        : integer;
   n        : integer;
   Database : array [0..100] of string;
   User     : Userrecord;

Begin
   Index:=0;
   randomize;
   writeln('User Registration Area');
   writeln('');
   writeln('');
   { Eingabe des Usernamen }
   write('Username: ');
   readln(User.Username);
                                                
   { überprüfung ob der Username bereits existiert }
   for I:= 1 to 100 do begin
      if User.Username = 'Database[0..100]' then begin
         repeat
            write('Username: ');
            readln(User.Username)
         until User.Username <> 'Database[0..100]';
      end;
   end;
   Index:=Index+1;
   Database[Index]:=User.Username;
                                                
   { Eingabe des Passworts }
   write('Password: ');
   readln(User.Password);
   writeln('');
                                                
   { Konfirmation des Passworts }
   write('Please confirm Password: ');
   readln(TEMP);
                                                 
   {überprüfung des Passwortes}
   if User.Password <> Temp then begin
      writeln(' Password doesnt match Confirmation');
      writeln('');
      repeat
         
         write('Password: ');
                                             
         readln(User.Password);
         writeln('');
         write('Please confirm Password: ');
         readln(TEMP);
      until User.Password = Temp;
   end;
   for I:= 1 to 100 do
        writeln('Database[0..Index]');
   {  Zuweisung einer Identifikationsnummer  }
end.

Which implementation of Pascal are you using?

Try this.

   with User do
      readln(Username);

Or this.

   for j := 1 to Length(User.Username) do
      read(User.Username[j]);
   readln

or a combination.

   with User do
      for j := 1 to Length(UserName) do
         read(UserName[j]
      readln ;

Re: Program Record

Fri, 19 Jun 2009 19:00:19 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

: Here is my Code
:
:

: program User_Registration;
: 
: uses
:   Crt;
: 
: Type
:     Userrecord= Record
:           Password: string;
:           Username: string;
:           Password_ID: integer;
:           Username_ID: integer;
: end;
: 
: Var
: 
:    Index: integer;
:    Temp: string;
:    I: integer;
:    n: integer;
:    Database: array [0..100] of string;
:    User: Userrecord;
: 
: 
: Begin
: 
: 
: 
:                 Index:=0;
:                 randomize;
:                 writeln('User Registration Area');
:                 writeln('');
:                 writeln('');
:                                                 {Eingabe des Usernamen}
:                 write('Username: ');
:                 readln(Userrecord.Username);
:                                                 {überprüfung ob der Username bereits existiert}

You declare userrecord as User, but then don't use it. You need to change all your record pointer names from "userrecord" to "User"

readln(User.Username);

I haven't checked the rest of the code thouroughly, but try this first.

Re: Program Record

Fri, 19 Jun 2009 18:59:09 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

: Here is my Code
:
:

: program User_Registration;
: 
: uses
:   Crt;
: 
: Type
:     Userrecord= Record
:           Password: string;
:           Username: string;
:           Password_ID: integer;
:           Username_ID: integer;
: end;
: 
: Var
: 
:    Index: integer;
:    Temp: string;
:    I: integer;
:    n: integer;
:    Database: array [0..100] of string;
:    User: Userrecord;
: 
: 
: Begin
: 
: 
: 
:                 Index:=0;
:                 randomize;
:                 writeln('User Registration Area');
:                 writeln('');
:                 writeln('');
:                                                 {Eingabe des Usernamen}
:                 write('Username: ');
:                 readln(Userrecord.Username);
                  {
                      Userrecord is a type, not a variable.
                      Use User instead of Userrecord 
                  }
:                                                 {überprüfung ob der Username bereits existiert}
:                 for I:= 1 to 100 do
:                     begin
:                          if Userrecord.Username = 'Database[0..100]' then
:                             begin
:                                  repeat
:                                        begin
:                                             write('Username: ');
:                                             readln(Userrecord.Username);
:                                        end;
:                                  until Userrecord.Username <> 'Database[0..100]';
:                             end;
:                     end;
:                 Index:=Index+1;
:                 Database[Index]:=Userrecord.Username;
: 
: 
:                                                 {Eingabe des Passworts}
:      write('Password: ');
:      readln(Userrecord.Password);
:      writeln('');
:                                                 {Konfirmation des Passworts}
:      write('Please confirm Password: ');
:      readln(TEMP);
:                                                  {überprüfung des Passwortes}
:      if Userrecord.Password <> Temp then
:         begin
:              writeln(' Password doesnt match Confirmation');
:              writeln('');
:                          repeat
:                                begin
:                                     write('Password: ');
:                                     readln(Userrecord.Password);
:                                     writeln('');
:                                     write('Please confirm Password: ');
:                                     readln(TEMP);
:                                end;
:                          until Userrecord.Password = Temp;
:         end;
:         for I:= 1 to 100 do
:         writeln('Database[0..Index]');
:                                                  {Zuweisung einer Identifikationsnummer}
: end.

:
:

By the way, begin .. end is not necessary inside repeat .. until.

Re: Program Record

Fri, 19 Jun 2009 16:04:36 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

You need to post more of your code. There's not enough here to tell what is happening.

Re: Program Record

Fri, 19 Jun 2009 16:03:49 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

You need to post more of your code. There's not enough here to tell what is happening.

Re: Moving from byteint array to record

Sat, 13 Jun 2009 12:46:04 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

How about Move();

Just copy all the data from the ByteArray to the start address of the custfile. This should fill in all the data.

 Move(bulkfile.bulk, custfile, 28);

Re: Moving from byteint array to record

Sat, 13 Jun 2009 08:43:00 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

: I
: may be asking for a ability that does not exist. But simplistically
: I am looking for:
:
:
: custfile:=bulkfile.bulk[1..28];
:
:
I'm fairly certain that such a thing does not exist in classical Pascals such as described by Jensen and Wirth.

I think you might be able to do something like this in Turbo Pascal or FreePascal. I'd have to give it some thought as to exactly how.

Re: Moving from byteint array to record

Fri, 12 Jun 2009 20:49:15 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

: bulkrec = record
:   job          : LongInt;    
:   relation     : packed array [1..8] of char;
:   reclen       : LongInt;
:   bulk : array [1.. 1000] of ByteInt;
: 
: pbulkrec = ^bulkrec;

:
:
: and then I have another record like:
:

: custfile = record
:    custnum  : ShortNat;
:      group  : ShortNat;
:       name  : packed array [1..20] of char;
:       flag1 : boolean;
:       flag2 : boolean;
:       flag3 : boolean;
:       flag4 : boolean;
: end;
: 
: pcustfile = ^custfile;

:
:
: Problem then is that the bulkrec.bulk field actually
: holds the custfile data and I want to move it from that
: array into custfile record... i.e.
:
: custnum is a 2 byte field so the concatenation of
: bulk[1] and bulk[2] holds its value.
:
: group also is a 2 byte field so the concatenation of
: bulk[3] and bulk[4] holds its value.
:
: name is 20 byte field and thus
: bulk[5] thru bulk[24] hold its value.
:
: flags1-4 hold 1 byte a piece
: bulk[25] to bulk[28] respectively.
:
: How do I make this assignment from the bulkrec.bulk
: variable to the custfile record???
:
: Any help appreciated.
:
:

The first problem I see is your declarations

   pbulkrec  : ^bulkrec;
   pcustfile : ^custfile;

where you declare pbulkrec and pcustfile as pointers. The "problem" is that having to reference and de-reference the adds to the complexity and gets in the way of addressing the other issues. I have not idea why you declare these as pointers instead of variables, but I'm going to address your other issues in terms of this declaration:

   pbulkrec  : bulkrec;
   pcustfile : custfile;

If you really need these to be pointers I'll leave it to you to make that adjustment.

: custnum is a 2 byte field so the concatenation of
: bulk[1] and bulk[2] holds its value.

I'm assuming that the definition of BulkRec is being forced upon you by some existing software or data. If so then the method of "concatenation" is ambiguous and we have to guess how the original programmer did it. The simplest would be

   with pbulkrec do
      with pcustfile do
         CustNum := 128*Bulk[1] + Bulk[2] ;

This assumes that Bulk[1] is the most significant byte, but it could be that Bulk[2] is the MSB.

However, Bulk is signed and CustNum is unsigned. I think this is more likely:

   with pbulkrec do
      with pcustfile do
         CustNum := (256*(Bulk[1] + 128) MOD 32768) + (Bulk[2] + 128 ;

Adding 128 to each Bulk element shifts it into positive territory, and the MOD operator keeps CustNum in range. Of course this assumes that the original programmer took this same approach.

: name is 20 byte field and thus
: bulk[5] thru bulk[24] hold its value.

   for i := 1 to 20 do
      name[i] := bulk[i + 4] ;  { there may be problems with pack and unpack }

: flags1-4 hold 1 byte a piece
: bulk[25] to bulk[28] respectively.

   flag1 := (bulk[25] = 0) ; { assume zero means FALSE }
   flag2 := (bulk[26] = 0) ; { any else means TRUE }
   flag3 := (bulk[27] = 0) ;
   flag4 := (bulk[28] = 0) ;

What do Bulk[29] .. Bulk[1000] hold ?

What implementation of Pascal are you using? What kind of computer and operating system?

Re: Moving from byteint array to record

Fri, 12 Jun 2009 17:25:26 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

What is a ByteInt? What is a ShortNat?

Neither of these terms is part of modern Pascal.

I'm guessing that

Type
   ByteInt = 0 .. 255 ;  { i.e., type Byte }
   ShortNat = -128 .. 127 ;

By the way the word packed is obsolete.

Re: no way to get the console handle

Tue, 09 Jun 2009 11:57:56 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

Post your code.

Re: plz help me matrix multiplication 7 * 7 !

Thu, 04 Jun 2009 13:42:09 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

There are times when brute force is the best option.

Type
   Matrix = array [1 .. 7, 1 .. 7] of Integer ;
   Survey = array [1 .. 49] of Integer ;

   Procedure DoSurvey (Var S : Survey ; M : Matrix) ;
   begin
      S[1]  := M[1,1] ;
      S[2]  := M[2,1] ;
      S[3]  := M[3,1] ;
      S[4]  := M[4,1] ;
      S[5]  := M[5,1] ;
      S[6]  := M[6,1] ;
      S[7]  := M[7,1] ;
      S[8]  := M[7,2] ;
      S[9]  := M[7,3] ;
      S[10] := M[7,4] ;
      S[11] := M[7,5] ;
      S[12] := M[7,6] ;
      S[13] := M[7,7] ;
      S[14] := M[6,7] ;
      S[15] := M[5,7] ;
      S[16] := M[4,7] ;
      S[17] := M[3,7] ;
      S[18] := M[2,7] ;
      S[19] := M[1,7] ;
      S[20] := M[1,6] ;
      S[21] := M[1,5] ;
      S[22] := M[1,4] ;
      S[23] := M[1,3] ;
      S[24] := M[1,2] ;
      S[25] := M[2,2] ;
      S[26] := M[3,2] ;
      S[27] := M[4,2] ;
      S[28] := M[5,2] ;
      S[29] := M[6,2] ;
      S[30] := M[6,3] ;
      S[31] := M[6,4] ;
      S[32] := M[6,5] ;
      S[33] := M[6,6] ;
      S[34] := M[5,6] ;
      S[35] := M[4,6] ;
      S[36] := M[3,6] ;
      S[37] := M[2,6] ;
      S[38] := M[2,5] ;
      S[39] := M[2,4] ;
      S[40] := M[2,3] ;
      S[41] := M[3,3] ;
      S[42] := M[4,3] ;
      S[43] := M[5,3] ;
      S[44] := M[5,4] ;
      S[45] := M[5,5] ;
      S[46] := M[4,5] ;
      S[47] := M[3,5] ;
      S[48] := M[3,4] ;
      S[49] := M[4,4]
   end ;

Although crude, this solution is straightforward and easy to understand, a very important consideration. It may even be faster and more efficient than a more complex solution. You have to measure to be sure.

Re: tic tac toe game

Mon, 01 Jun 2009 11:01:00 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

Google "tic tac toe pascal."

Re: NEED IMMEDIATE HELP -- PLEASE !

Sun, 31 May 2009 23:56:46 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

You can use a 1D or 2D array to do this:

VAR
   {1D Array}
   Board : Array[1..9] Of Char;

   {2D Array}
   Board : Array[1..3,1..3] Of Char; { 3x3 = 9 }

Either way works well. For the examples, I am using box 5:

With a 1D array it's easy to select the box that the user chooses, as Spot 5 on the board = Board[5].
With a 2D array Spot 5 on the board = Board[1,2] or Board[5 DIV 3, 5 MOD 3].

But for drawing the X or O onto the board, a 2D array is setup the same as the board, so:

  { 1D array }
  for y := 1 to 3 do
    for x := 1 to 3 do
    begin
      gotoXY(x*3,y*3);
      write(Board[(y-1)*3 + x]);
    end;

  { 2D array }
  for y := 1 to 3 do
    for x := 1 to 3 do
    begin
      gotoXY(x*3,y*3);
      write(Board[x,y]);
    end;

Either way has its advantages and disadvantages, but both work basically the same. (Oh, and now you have some needed code too ;)

TatukGIS Editor 2.0

Fri, 29 May 2009 12:35:22 -0700

TatukGIS submitted a new file.

The TatukGIS Editor is a well designed GIS desktop application supporting the features that would typically be expected of a GIS editing software, including advanced support for coordinate systems and a huge number of data formats. For custom solution designers with specialized or more advanced requirements, the Editor supports a built-in Basic and Pascal scripting IDE that exposes the full power of the TatukGIS Developer Kernel (SDK) (with its hundreds of classes and thousands of methods) within the Editor. The Editor product is intuitive and learnable just from the integrated help files.

TatukGIS Editor 2.0

Fri, 29 May 2009 12:33:33 -0700

TatukGIS submitted a new file.

TatukGIS Editor 2.0

Fri, 29 May 2009 12:32:44 -0700

TatukGIS submitted a new file.

TatukGIS Editor 2.0

Fri, 29 May 2009 12:30:33 -0700

TatukGIS submitted a new file.

Re: NEED IMMEDIATE HELP -- PLEASE !

Fri, 29 May 2009 07:39:05 -0700

skobin posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

This is a full tic tac toe game in pascal, maybe it will help

Re: Does my first language really matter?

Fri, 29 May 2009 02:22:57 -0700

Lundin posted a reply on the General programming forum.

Who says you shouldn't learn Java?! On the contrary, I would strongly recommend Java or C# as first language. Simply because these two languages have sane, structured syntax. They are both by far the best languages for object-orientation, which is the completely dominant way to write programs nowadays.

Another alternative is Object Pascal / Delphi. Pascal has always been known as the "student language". But it is also a dying language.

C is ok for beginners. It has a rather complicated, messy syntax and there are plenty of pitfalls, but on a hobbyist level it is rather straight-forward language.

C++ is like C, only much more complex. Like C, it has a messy syntax. It has object orientation support, but it isn't pretty. C++ is likely the most complex programming language of them all. I would suggest picking it as the second language to learn.

Stay far, far away from Visual Basic. It was written by lunatics, to be used by idiots. I have programmed plenty in VB5/VB6/VB.NET/VBA so I know what I'm talking about. The language stinks.

Re: Database Application Assignment

Tue, 26 May 2009 00:55:45 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

Unless you catch someone on a day where they feel extremely bored, I don't think you will find anyone to write this program for you.
We are here to help people learn, not write their assignments.
You will have to do it yourself, but we'll help you.

Start by making a test text file in notepad (or similar). Create 15 records. Use three lines per record. If you're doing baseball, use something like first line is for Name, second line for Hits, third line for RBI.

Then write the program that creates the datafile from this. It will need to have:

TYPE
   PlayerInfo = record
      Name : String;
      Hits : Word;
      RBI  : Word;
   End;

VAR
  Players : Array[1..15] Of PlayerInfo;

Then load the text file in a loop, three lines at a time and store the info into each player.

PLAYERS[count].Name := Line1;
PLAYERS[count].Hits := Line2;
PLAYERS[count].RBI  := Line3;

This is the general idea anyways. Your teacher should be able to help you get started and we'll help you along as well.

BTW WriteLn() shows text to the screen.

Re: File not found errorcode 2

Tue, 12 May 2009 10:57:23 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

: 
: program p476sub7(input, output, outerfile);
: var
: outerfile : text;
:

:

: You are using the same name for both. I've only worked with TP7, but
: I assume that the top line is aruments passed to the program. Try
: using different names for each:
:

In Jensen and Wirth Pascal the program line was used to declare text files. I.e.,

program p476sub7(input, output, outerfile);

was equivalent to

program p476sub7 ;
var
   input, output, outerfile : text ;

Using this notation J&W Pascal automatically opened input and output for reading and writing respectively, i.e., you did not need reset(input) or rewrite(output). As I understand it access to outerfile was via the get and put procedures, which Turbo Pascal does not implement.

Since many programmers would still begin a program with

program p476sub7 (input, output) ;

Turbo Pascal still allowed this sort of notation in the name of limited backward compatibility. But, in effect, anything between the parentheses on the program line is a comment. Thus the presence of outerfile on the program line does not conflict with the later declaration of outerfile.

Re: File not found errorcode 2

Tue, 12 May 2009 10:22:08 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

The problem is that 'outerfile' is more than 8 characters.

I assume that you are using Turbo Pascal, which predates Microsoft's implementation of long file names. The program is looking for a file named 'outerfil'. Copy 'outerfile' to 'outerfil' and the program should work.

 
: program p476sub7(input, output, outerfile);
: USES CRT;
: {can read up to 400 characters}
: var
: totchar : integer;
: outerfile : text;
: A1B1 : string;
: alphastore : Array[1..400] of char;
: whatitsays : string;
: i,j,k : integer;
: begin
: A1B1 := 'outerfile';
: assign(outerfile, A1B1);
: reset(outerfile);
: writeln(outerfile);
: readkey;
: end.

Re: Help in making a game

Tue, 12 May 2009 02:33:50 -0700

skobin posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

I will arrange the code maybe I will try to port it to free pascal.

as for now I will explain a bit:

the main game parts:

initialize:
virtual screens, pallets, gui...

main game loop:
repeat
{go over the scrren}
for x:=1 to 318 do for y:=1 to 198 do
begin
{cellular automatons logic: can be found in obj_fx}
if(getpixel(x,y) = sand colors)then sand_logic
................ fire_logic
.......
end;

{gui logic}

{alot of junk}
until Esc

Anyone from the hangman series...

Mon, 11 May 2009 22:22:46 -0700

Phat Nat posted a new message on the Pascal forum.

Just wondering if anyone from the hangman exam came back here and if so how it all went.

Re: From C to Pascal

Mon, 11 May 2009 22:19:20 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

GNU = Open Source

Basically, you can do whatever you want, but can't sell it or profit from it in anyway.

Re: File not found errorcode 2

Mon, 11 May 2009 22:16:47 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

program p476sub7(input, output, outerfile);
var
outerfile : text;

You are using the same name for both. I've only worked with TP7, but I assume that the top line is aruments passed to the program. Try using different names for each:

program p476sub7(input, output, outerfile);
USES CRT;
{can read up to 400 characters}
var
  totchar : integer;
  outfile : text;
  alphastore : Array[1..400] of char;
  whatitsays : string;
  i,j,k : integer;

begin
  assign(outfile, outerfile);
  reset(outerfile);
  writeln(outerfile);
  readkey;
end.

Try this.

Re: From C to Pascal

Mon, 11 May 2009 18:49:45 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

The two files you attached are not the complete program. My C++ compiler wants two other files: others.h and scanners.h

I cannot find function main() in either of the attached files so it must be in one of the other two, or else it's the weirdest C++ program I've ever come across.

Does this program read data from a file? If so I'll probably need it too.

Finally, I have a concern. Both files seem to have this opening comment:

/*
 *  Copyright (C) 2007-2008 Sourcefire, Inc.
 *
 *  Authors: Alberto Wu
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 *  published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,
 *  MA 02110-1301, USA.
 */

I have no idea what is in "GNU General Public License version 2". Does it permit translating the program into another language?

Re: From C to Pascal

Mon, 11 May 2009 10:29:28 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

There's no attachment.

Re: File not found errorcode 2

Mon, 11 May 2009 01:41:28 -0700

Actor posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

First, since 'outerfile' is used by Notepad, you may be leaving off an extension such as '.txt', meaning the actual name of the file is 'outerfile.txt'. The extension could also be something like '.doc', '.rtf', etc.

Second, since you are certain that 'outerfile' exists, you may have specify the path to it. If you do not specify the path then by default p476sub7.exe will only look for it in the same directory where p476sub7.exe resides.

Re: Help in making a game

Sun, 10 May 2009 00:29:21 -0700

skobin posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

Here is the code, it is messy,
tell we if you want to make it a game.

Re: Interpretation of exam

Sat, 09 May 2009 20:43:21 -0700

Phat Nat posted a reply on the Pascal forum.

FUNCTION CountLines(filename : String) : Word;
VAR
   t : text; { or : textfile; }
   Count : Word;
   Line : String;
Begin
  Assign(t, filename); Reset(t);
  Count := 0;
  While Not(Eof(t)) Do
  Begin
        ReadLn(t, Line);
        If Line <> "" Then Inc(Count);
  End;
  Close(t); { or closefile(t); }
  CountLines := Count;
End;

The above will load a text file and return how many lines are contained within, ignoring blank lines.

Help in making a game

Sat, 09 May 2009 13:11:04 -0700

skobin posted a new message on the Pascal forum.

I have made cellular automata called Pixelgarde.
many different kinds of cellular automata and fuzzy logic are used to create complex life like behaviors.
the automatons used in the game simulate: plants, flowers, bugs, fire, sand....

I want to make it a puzzle game but I don't have allot of ideas.

you can play with the sandbox form at:
http://www.gameprojects.com/project/?id=08e5d6049b

any suggestions, or if some one wloud like to help?