Python Forum RSS Feed (Replies Included)

Re: Crazy weird symtax errors, please help

Wed, 18 Nov 2009 11:34:44 -0700

I'll take another look if you wanna paste code w/ all indentation and what version of python you are using. It can't be debugged w/o indentation. Don't worry if it doesn't show up quite right on the page-- I can always hit view page source. As long as it's there :)

making a robot arm simulation

Tue, 17 Nov 2009 02:46:29 -0700

anybody who knows creating a simulation of a robotic arm in python or in visual basic language....Please help me... you can send your ideas at my e-mail jeff_take143@yahoo.com....thanks....

Re: Crazy weird symtax errors, please help

Mon, 16 Nov 2009 19:53:42 -0700

Okay, this computer is just crazy. it's official.
My version of Python is officially considered messed up.
It keeps saying I have a syntax error, but it won't tell me what it is!!!
A window saying 'syntax error' pops up, but nothing is hi-lighted, and nothing looks out of place!!!
Come on!!!
now, you cannot say that Python is interpreting THAT wrong.

Re: How do I fix this program with value-returning functions?

Wed, 11 Nov 2009 18:36:27 -0700

In get_playerchoice():
-you try to return player__choice, instead of player_choice.
-you have while player_choice != (1,2,3), but you expect player choice to be a string. input() returns strings, so player_choice will never be a tuple. You want something like player_choice in ('1','2','3')

In determine_winner:
-you have player_choice == 2, which will proly be false b/c player_choice is a string
-your indentation of the cases for p_choice and c_choice is wrong. Those are nested loops, so you can't get to c_choice == 2 and p_choice == 3 UNLESS c_choice == 1 and p_choice == 2 are both true. You proly want those to be at the same indentation level as the first one.

In winner_status:
-you have return x, y, z. when this returns in main, winner be something like
winner == (3,18,0) # the compy is beating you :P
You go on to call computer_count, player_count, and tie_count, but they don't exist in main-- only a 3-tuple named 'winner'. Either access the values in winner (ie winner[0]...), or assign all the values (ie a, b, c = winner_status(winner)).
Also, winner_status takes one argument. You are calling it with 3. This will break it.

That's all the easy stuff to pick out. If there is more, or if there are logical problems, I defer to eblade.

Re: Crazy weird symtax errors, please help

Wed, 11 Nov 2009 11:47:52 -0700

answer = input("%(d)s %(e)s %(f)s" %('d': "Tell me,", 'e': nickname, 'f': """:
\tIf two ducks have 5 ducklings, and three of those ducklings have\n
\t10 ducklings each, how many ducks do you have in total\n"""))

You declared the args to % as a tuple, and not as a dict. You want a tuple for multiple unnamed args, and a dict for any number of named args.

Also, it tends to help readability if you write out lists of things as such:

answer = input("%(a)s %(b)s %(c)s" % {'a': "Tell me,",
                                      'b': your_name,
                                      'c': """:
\tIf two ducks have 5 ducklings, and three of those ducklings have\n
\t10 ducklings each, how many ducks do you have in total\n"""))

Or something like that. PEP8 insists that you limit your lines to 80 characters whenever possible, so breaking lists or arguments out to separate lines == pretty.

I find that if I have a syntax error somewhere, it usually shows up somewhere besides where the actual error is. This has to do with how Python is parsing your code. It thinks that whatever you wrote is legitimate, but as something else.

Also, the answer is 40. :)

Re: Crazy weird symtax errors, please help

Tue, 10 Nov 2009 19:26:11 -0700

snap, I forgot to hilight.
Well, the syntax error were stuff like the word "you", the character %, and the quote marks ("").
Outrageous stuff.
I mean, seriously, something is up with my comp, and I have NO IDEA what it is!!!

Re: Crazy weird symtax errors, please help

Tue, 10 Nov 2009 19:23:58 -0700

Okay, I reformatted it according to bubbatremell's suggestions (Thanks again!) and it is STILL doing crazy stuff:

import random

your_name = input("What is your name?")
nicknames = ("Fruitcup", "Captain", "Bunny", "Mama", "Dummkopf")
nickname = random.choice(nicknames)
or_not = input("Do you mind if I call you %s?" % nickname)
if or_not == ("yes"):
print ("Fine then,", your_name, ".")
answer = input("%(a)s %(b)s %(c)s" %{'a': "Tell me,", 'b': your_name, 'c': """:
\tIf two ducks have 5 ducklings, and three of those ducklings have\n
\t10 ducklings each, how many ducks do you have in total\n"""))
if answer == ("50"):
your_name += ("sky")
print ("Congradulations,", your_name, ". You're smart!")
answer_dos = input("Would you like to see the solution?")
if answer_dos == ("yes"):
print """
We have the mother and father duck, the 5 ducklings and their
spouses, and the thirty grand-ducklings, a total of 50 ducks.
"""
else:
print ("So long then!")
else:
print ("You are terrible at math. Goodbye!")
input ("Please press the enter key to exit.")
else:
print ("HORRAY!")
answer = input("%(d)s %(e)s %(f)s" %('d': "Tell me,", 'e': nickname, 'f': """:
\tIf two ducks have 5 ducklings, and three of those ducklings have\n
\t10 ducklings each, how many ducks do you have in total\n"""))
if answer == ("50"):
nickname = your_name += ("sky")
print ("Congradulations,", nickname, ". You're smart!")
answer_dos = input("Would you like to see the solution?")
if answer_dos == ("yes"):
print """
We have the mother and father duck, the 5 ducklings and their
spouses, and the thirty grand-ducklings, a total of 50 ducks.
"""
else:
print ("So long, then.")
else:
print ("You are terrible at math.")

All the stuff hi-lighted in red is stuff it's saying is a syntax error.
I mean, COME ON!!
Does anyone think that it might be something wrong with my version of python? Like, my comp screwed up the encoding or something?
Please get back to me on this!!

Re: Crazy weird symtax errors, please help

Tue, 10 Nov 2009 18:39:22 -0700

Okay, thanks for clearing up my math errors and telling me about %s.
That was reaaaaally helpful!
ANd I feel stupid now xD
Thanks again!

Re: Crazy weird symtax errors, please help

Tue, 10 Nov 2009 15:16:21 -0700

I'm not sure why it's coming up as a syntax error w/o the indentation intact, but I can tell you that the input command is only designed to take one arg. If you really wanna do some fancy string work, I recommend using %s as follows:

or_not = input("Do you mind if I call you %s?" % nickname)

%s lets you insert stuff into strings. Your input command is interpreting input("stuff", variable, "moar stuff") as three args. Using %s, you can jam it all into one, input-function-compatible string. If you need multiple insertions, the stuff following the % must be a tuple:
>>> print("%s, %s, %s" % (1, 2, 3))
1, 2, 3

Also, if you want, you can name your string args:
>>> print("%(s)s %(v)s %(o)s" % {'s': 'dogs', 'v': 'eat', 'o': 'birds'})
dogs eat birds

The % does some other stuff, too, but I only ever use it with 's'.

Also, the answer is 40 b/c the first ducks had 5 ducklings, not 3.
:P

Crazy weird symtax errors, please help

Mon, 09 Nov 2009 14:02:32 -0700

Hey, I just got the newest version of python, Python 3.1.
I am getting the craziest, most out-there syntax errors ever, and I have no idea what to do.
Okay, here's a section of code that i just wrote to prove how crazy these errors really are:

import random

your_name = input("What is your name?")
nicknames = ("Fruitcup", "Captain", "Bunny", "Mama", "Dummkopf")
nickname = random.choice(nicknames)
or_not = input("Do you mind if I call you", nickname, "?")
if or_not == ("yes"):
print ("Fine then,", your_name, ".")
answer = input("""
Answer this then,""", your_name, """:
\tIf two ducks have 5 ducklings, and three of those ducklings have\n
\t10 ducklings each, how many ducks do you have in total\n""")
if answer == ("39"):
your_name += ("sky")
print ("Congratulations,", your_name, ". You're smart!")
answer_dos = input("Would you like to see the solution?")
if answer_dos == ("yes"):
print """
We have the mother and father duck, the three ducklings and their
spouses, and the thirty grand-ducklings, a total of 39 ducks.
"""
else:
print ("So long then!")
else:
print ("You are terrible at math.")

okay, all the things hi-lighted in red are the things that python is saying is a syntax error. the indenting is not right because i copied and pasted it, but you guys get the general idea:

import random

your_name = input("What is your name?")
nicknames = ("Fruitcup", "Captain", "Bunny", "Mama", "Dummkopf")
nickname = random.choice(nicknames)
or_not = input("Do you mind if I call you", nickname, "?")
if or_not == ("yes"):
print ("Fine then,", your_name, ".")
answer = input("""
Answer this then,""", your_name, """:
\tIf two ducks have 5 ducklings, and three of those ducklings have\n
\t10 ducklings each, how many ducks do you have in total\n""")
if answer == ("39"):
your_name += ("sky")
print ("Congratulations,", your_name, ". You're smart!")
answer_dos = input("Would you like to see the solution?")
if answer_dos == ("yes"):
print """
We have the mother and father duck, the three ducklings and their
spouses, and the thirty grand-ducklings, a total of 39 ducks.
"""
else:
print ("So long then!")
else:
print ("You are terrible at math.")

Like, what is up with that!!?!??!?!?!

Okay, I'm pretty new to programming in general. I was a script kiddie with batch files and .vbs for a while, until i decided i wanted to do something besides making lame joke viruses and putting them on my sister's computer. I've had lots of problems so far, but i've been able to work through them all. Except for this. I've put hours into trying to fix this and nothing works. Please, i just need a little help. Even if you only know what not to do, but not nescesarily how to fix the problem, then by all means comment. any and all comments are appreciated. thanks!!

Drawing a stick figure?

Sun, 01 Nov 2009 12:40:10 -0700

well basically i have to draw a stick figure for which is my first question... i cant figure out how to draw a horizontal line and also a line at a angle for the legs... here is the code for the first one

def drawStickFigure():
from graphics import *
win = GraphWin("Stick figure")
head = Circle(Point(100, 60), 20)
head.draw(win)
body = Line(Point(100, 80), Point(100, 120))
body.draw(win)
arms= Line(Point(0, 100), Point(0, 100))
arms.draw(win)

for the second question i have to draw a circle which is at the centre of the graphics window. the user inputs the radius of the circle and the circle should come. But for some reasn my code doesnt seem to be working please help

def drawCircle():
x = input("please enter the radius of the circle: ")
centre= Point(100, 100)
circle1 = Circle(centre, x)
circle1.draw(win)

Re: How do I fix this program with value-returning functions?

Wed, 28 Oct 2009 20:32:52 -0700

fix it to do what?

How do I fix this program with value-returning functions?

Thu, 22 Oct 2009 17:23:30 -0700

import random

def main(get_playerchoice, get_compchoice):
play_again = 'yes'
while play_again == 'yes':
get_playerchoice = player_choice()
get_compchoice = computer_choice()
winner = winner_status(player_count, tie-count, computer_count)
play_again = raw_input ('Do you wanna play again? Enter yes or press any other key: ')
print 'Computer wins ', computer_count
print 'Player wins ', player_count
print 'tie ', tie_count

def get_compchoice():
computer_choice = random.randint(1, 3)
return computer_choice
def get_playerchoice():
player_choice = input ('Enter a number between 1 and 3: ')
while player_choice != (1,2,3):
print 'Number must be between 1 and 3'
player_choice = input ('Enter a number between 1 and 3: ')
else:
return player__choice

def determine_winner(computer_choice, player_choice):
if computer_choice == 1 and player_choice == 2:
winner = player
if computer_choice == 2 and player_choice == 3:
winner = player
if computer_choice == 3 and player_choice == 1:
winner = player
else:
winner = computer
else:
winner = computer
else:
winner = computer
return winner
def winner_status(winner):
if winner == player_count:
player_count += 1
if winner == computer_count:
computer_count += 1
if winner == tie_count:
tie_count += 1
return player_count, tie_count, computer_count

Re: Function Variable

Thu, 22 Oct 2009 13:16:45 -0700

question is just a string that gets displayed with every call to raw_input. response is a string that stores the result of the call to raw_input. They don't really have anything to do with each other.

Re: Problem with python program pls helllllp

Wed, 14 Oct 2009 12:01:33 -0700

This seems a much more elegant solution to me:

def convert(deg):
	if deg == "1":
		celsius1 = input("Type the celsius degrees to convert them to kelvin: ")
		kel1 = celsius1+273.15
		return kel1

	if deg == "2":
		celsius2 = input("Type the celsius degrees to convert them to farenheit: ")
		far1 = celsius2*1.8+32
		return far1

	if deg == "3":
		kelvin1 = input("Type the kelvin degrees to convert them to celsius: ")
		cel1 = kelvin1-273.15
		return cel1

	if deg == "4":
		kelvin2 = input("Type the kelvin degrees to convert them to farenheit: ")
		far2 = (kelvin2-273.15)*(9/5)+32
		return far2

	if deg == "5":
		farenheit1 = input("Type the farenheit degrees to convert them to celsius: ")
		cel2 = (farenheit1-32)/1.8
		return cel2

	if deg == "6":
		farenheit2 = input("Type the farenheit degrees to convert them to kelvin: ")
		kel2 = (5/9)*(farenheit2-32)+273.15
		return kel2
		
def sentence(convert):
	sentence = convert
	screen_width = 80
	text_width = len(str(sentence))
	box_width = text_width + 6
	left_margin = (screen_width - box_width) // 2

	print
	print ' ' * left_margin + '+' + '-' * (box_width-4) + '+'
	print ' ' * left_margin + '| ' + ' ' * text_width + ' |'
	print ' ' * left_margin + '| ' + str(sentence) + ' |'
	print ' ' * left_margin + '| ' + ' ' * text_width + ' |'
	print ' ' * left_margin + '+' + '-' * (box_width-4) + '+'

def main():
	print "Choose what you want to convert.....(type a number from 1 to 6)"
	print "1 - Celsius-Kelvin"
	print "2 - Celsius-Farenheit"
	print "3 - Kelvin-Celsius"
	print "4 - Kelvin-Farenheit"
	print "5 - Farenheit-Celsius"
	print "6 - Farenheit-Kelvin"

	deg = raw_input(">: ")
	print sentence(convert(deg))

if __name__ == "__main__":
	main()

Function Variable

Sat, 10 Oct 2009 09:39:46 -0700

In the follwoing program I am having trouble understanding this function.

def ask_yes_no(question):
    """Ask a yes or no question."""
    response = None
    while response not in ("y", "n"):
        response = raw_input(question).lower()
    return response

Shouldn't question be response, or response be question? I know thought question was just a variable that held that date sent to the function.

# Tic-Tac-Toe
# Plays the game of tic-tac-toe against a human opponent
   
# global constants
X = "X"
O = "O"
EMPTY = " "
TIE = "TIE"
NUM_SQUARES = 9


def display_instruct():
    """Display game instructions."""  
    print \
    """
    Welcome to the greatest intellectual challenge of all time: Tic-Tac-Toe.  
    This will be a showdown between your human brain and my silicon processor.  

    You will make your move known by entering a number, 0 - 8.  The number 
    will correspond to the board position as illustrated:
    
                    0 | 1 | 2
                    ---------
                    3 | 4 | 5
                    ---------
                    6 | 7 | 8

    Prepare yourself, human.  The ultimate battle is about to begin. \n
    """


def ask_yes_no(question):
    """Ask a yes or no question."""
    response = None
    while response not in ("y", "n"):
        response = raw_input(question).lower()
    return response


def ask_number(question, low, high):
    """Ask for a number within a range."""
    response = None
    while response not in range(low, high):
        response = int(raw_input(question))
    return response


def pieces():
    """Determine if player or computer goes first."""
    go_first = ask_yes_no("Do you require the first move? (y/n): ")
    if go_first == "y":
        print "\nThen take the first move.  You will need it."
        human = X
        computer = O
    else:
        print "\nYour bravery will be your undoing... I will go first."
        computer = X
        human = O
    return computer, human


def new_board():
    """Create new game board."""
    board = []
    for square in range(NUM_SQUARES):
        board.append(EMPTY)
    return board


def display_board(board):
    """Display game board on screen."""
    print "\n\t", board[0], "|", board[1], "|", board[2]
    print "\t", "---------"
    print "\t", board[3], "|", board[4], "|", board[5]
    print "\t", "---------"
    print "\t", board[6], "|", board[7], "|", board[8], "\n"


def legal_moves(board):
    """Create list of legal moves."""
    moves = []
    for square in range(NUM_SQUARES):
        if board[square] == EMPTY:
            moves.append(square)
    return moves


def winner(board):
    """Determine the game winner."""
    WAYS_TO_WIN = ((0, 1, 2),
                   (3, 4, 5),
                   (6, 7, 8),
                   (0, 3, 6),
                   (1, 4, 7),
                   (2, 5, 8),
                   (0, 4, 8),
                   (2, 4, 6))
    
    for row in WAYS_TO_WIN:
        if board[row[0]] == board[row[1]] == board[row[2]] != EMPTY:
            winner = board[row[0]]
            return winner

    if EMPTY not in board:
        return TIE

    return None


def human_move(board, human):
    """Get human move."""  
    legal = legal_moves(board)
    move = None
    while move not in legal:
        move = ask_number("Where will you move? (0 - 8):", 0, NUM_SQUARES)
        if move not in legal:
            print "\nThat square is already occupied, foolish human.  Choose another.\n"
    print "Fine..."
    return move


def computer_move(board, computer, human):
    """Make computer move."""
    # make a copy to work with since function will be changing list
    board = board[:]
    # the best positions to have, in order
    BEST_MOVES = (4, 0, 2, 6, 8, 1, 3, 5, 7)

    print "I shall take square number",
    
    # if computer can win, take that move
    for move in legal_moves(board):
        board[move] = computer
        if winner(board) == computer:
            print move
            return move
        # done checking this move, undo it
        board[move] = EMPTY
    
    # if human can win, block that move
    for move in legal_moves(board):
        board[move] = human
        if winner(board) == human:
            print move
            return move
        # done checkin this move, undo it
        board[move] = EMPTY

    # since no one can win on next move, pick best open square
    for move in BEST_MOVES:
        if move in legal_moves(board):
            print move
            return move


def next_turn(turn):
    """Switch turns."""
    if turn == X:
        return O
    else:
        return X

    
def congrat_winner(the_winner, computer, human):
    """Congratulate the winner."""
    if the_winner != TIE:
        print the_winner, "won!\n" 
    else:
        print "It's a tie!\n"

    if the_winner == computer:
        print "As I predicted, human, I am triumphant once more.  \n" \
              "Proof that computers are superior to humans in all regards."

    elif the_winner == human:
        print "No, no!  It cannot be!  Somehow you tricked me, human. \n" \
              "But never again!  I, the computer, so swears it!"

    elif the_winner == TIE:
        print "You were most lucky, human, and somehow managed to tie me.  \n" \
              "Celebrate today... for this is the best you will ever achieve."


def main():
    display_instruct()
    computer, human = pieces()
    turn = X
    board = new_board()
    display_board(board)

    while not winner(board):
        if turn == human:
            move = human_move(board, human)
            board[move] = human
        else:
            move = computer_move(board, computer, human)
            board[move] = computer
        display_board(board)
        turn = next_turn(turn)

    the_winner = winner(board)
    congrat_winner(the_winner, computer, human)


# start the program
main()
raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to quit.")

Re: Indexing Strings

Thu, 08 Oct 2009 23:26:59 -0700

Thanks for the help. I really appreciate it.

Re: Indexing Strings

Thu, 08 Oct 2009 14:43:27 -0700

I'm not quite sure how to explain this if you already have it written out as 'word' and 'position'. Given a string "word" and an integer "i", word[i] returns the letter in the ith position. Remember that Python is zero-indexed, though, so for the word "index", you have
i -> 0
n -> 1
d -> 2
e -> 3
x -> 4
Note that there is not position 5, even though len(word) == 5.

Also, putting '-' in an index has a special meaning in Py. That makes your index start at the end of the word instead of at the beginning. So, you get

x -> -1
e -> -2
d -> -3
n -> -4
i -> -5

That's nice for when you need to get to the back of a string/list, but you don't know how long it is. I guess you could also use it to count backwards...

Indexing Strings

Mon, 05 Oct 2009 23:16:02 -0700

In the code below, the only part I'M having trouble with is word[position]. I know this is something really simple but I've always had trouble understanding these kinds of statements. I know that it print a random letter (position) from (word). What I don't know is why or how it does that. That's the part that never seems to get explained to me. How can you just put [] around part of a statement and everything just work right? Thanks.

# Random Access
# Demonstrates string indexing

import random

word = "index"
print "The word is: ", word, "\n"

high = len(word)
low = -len(word)

for i in range(10):
    position = random.randrange(low, high)
    print "word[", position, "]\t", word[position]

raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")

String Indexing

Sat, 03 Oct 2009 12:35:06 -0700

In the code below, the only part I'M having trouble with is word[position]. I know this is something really simple but I've always had trouble understanding these kinds of statements. I know that it print a random letter (position) from (word). What I don't know is why or how it does that. That's the part that never seems to get explained to me. How can you just put [] around part of a statement and everything just work right? Thanks.

# Random Access
# Demonstrates string indexing

import random

word = "index"
print "The word is: ", word, "\n"

high = len(word)
low = -len(word)

for i in range(10):
    position = random.randrange(low, high)
    print "word[", position, "]\t", word[position]

raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")

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Python IDEL

Sat, 26 Sep 2009 16:37:11 -0700

Hey, I've just started with python and I'M using python's IDE, IDEL, & Wing IDE. When I read my book on python programming it shows the programs running in a traditional DOS type of window. But neither of my IDEs run my programs in this traditional form and I would prefer that. Can someone tell me what's up and how to fix it? Thanks.

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Strings

Wed, 23 Sep 2009 09:30:34 -0700

I can't find the error in the following code, can someone help me out please? I really don't like this python IDE, is there a better one I can use?

Here is the error message I'M getting.
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<pyshell#14>", line 1, in -toplevel-
+ "\nBut what " + "you don't know," + " is that " + "it's one real" \
TypeError: bad operand type for unary +

# Silly Strings
# Demonstrates string concatenation and repetition


print "You can concatenate two " + "strings with the '+' operator." \

    + "\nBut what " + "you don't know," + " is that " + "it's one real" \
    + "l" + "y" + " long string, created from the concatenation " \
    + "of " + "thirty-two " + "different strings, broken across " \
    + "nice lines." + " Now you are" + " impressed?\n\n" + "See, " \
    + "even newlines can be embedded into a single string, making" \
    + " it look " + "as " + "if " + "it" + "'s " + "got " + "to " \
    + "be" + " multiple strings." + " Okay, now this " + "one " \
    + "long" + "string " + "is over!"

print \
"""
If you really like a string, you can repeat it. For example, who doesn't
like pie? That's right, nobody. But if you really like it, you should
say it liek you mean it:""",

print "Pie" * 10

print "\nNow that's good eating."

raw_input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")

Re: raw input("")

Tue, 22 Sep 2009 03:47:58 -0700

the right code is :

raw_input("press enter to exit")

not :

raw input("press enter to exit")